Month: September 2015

Electric Earth, Non-fiction September 18, 2015October 3, 2017

The Galapagos of the Southwest

North America’s Western Cordillera, from Alaska to Southern Mexico, is a wall of mountain. Except for a low point called the Deming gap, between the Rocky Mountain’s end at the Mogollon Rim, and the Sierra Madre Occidental in Mexico.

Chihuahua Desert grasslands spill west through the gap to mingle with cactus in the Sonora Desert. Both deserts span the area between Rockies and Sierra Madres, including southeast Arizona and northern Mexico.

Puncturing the desert are mountains ten thousand feet high, where rainfall doubles, snow falls in winter, and alpine forests thrive. This confluence of temperate and tropic, grassland and cactus, dry desert and pine-capped mountain creates one of the most amazing places on the planet.

It is the Madrean Archipelago. ‘Madrean’ is the floristic region’s name, derived from Sierra Madre. ‘Archipelago’ because forty distinct mountains poke through a sea of desert, each an environment of unique complexity. These are the Sky Islands of the Madrean Archipelago. Here’s ten amazing facts.

Northern Canada’s Southern Border

Their names, Penaleño, Galieuro, Huachuca, Chiricahua, Santa Catalina, Rincon and Santa Rita evoke the Spanish influence on the region. They rise abruptly from the valley floor. Piles of granite extrusion, caverned limestone and volcanic flow – wrinkled, faulted, folded earth. Each is an ecology of it’s own, or more precisely, several.

Drive Mount Lemmon Highway to the 9,157-foot summit of the Santa Catalina’s for a bio-tour from Mexico to Northern Canada – in just twenty-five miles.

Leaving Tucson, you begin in creosote chaparral, typical of Sonora. It’s so dense with plants you wouldn’t think desert if there weren’t needles to remind you. Barrel cactus, prickly pear and cholla grow thick, and thermometers read triple digits the entire summer.

A forest of Saguaro and occotillo blanket the slopes as you begin to climb. Within minutes, these yield to grasses, juniper, yucca and cooler breeze. It’s like Chihuahua.

A few miles farther are pine-oak woodlands. Pine-oak woodlands cover every Sky Island in the Madrean Archipelago; they come from Mexico’s Sierra Madre.

Above seven thousand feet are forests of ponderosa pine, denizens of the Colorado Plateau that marched down the Continental Divide.

On the tallest sky islands are glades of fern, forests of aspen, spruce and fir, and temperatures thirty degrees cooler than the desert below – just like Canada.

Steeply gorged canyons collect snowmelt and rain into riparian ecosystems. Sycamore, willow and cottonwood fill the lower reaches, and streams tumble down cataracts to pool in box canyons, creating enchanting microclimates.

One can experience eight of the worlds twelve bioregions in a single day’s hike, and walk past a thousand different plants. This vertical variety of ecosystems is compared to the Galapagos Islands for its diversity.

The Most Critters In The U.S.

Twice as many mammal species than Yellowstone Park inhabit the region – 104 at last count. From common black bear to boar-like javalina, black-tailed prairie dog to tropical coati mundi, the region is one of the most diverse in the world.

There are 29 species of bat, alone. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) recognizes the Sierra Madre and Madrean Archipelago as one of three biological “mega diversity” centers on the planet.

Many species are threatened. One hundred and fifty-three are listed as vulnerable. Man eradicated grizzly bear, but Mexican grey wolf, reintroduced decades ago has returned to some Sky Islands. Bighorn sheep have also been reintroduced to replace lost herds.

In 2013, a jaguar, largest cat of the America’s, and third largest of the worlds big cats, was photographed in Arizona’s Santa Rita’s. Ocelots have been photographed in Arizona, too. Both cats retreated far into Mexico, it was thought. These have come back, or perhaps they never left.

Which raises a significant issue with a border fence. Many Sky Islands are in Mexico. The greatest diversity of creatures on the continent migrate hopscotch between them, and the border cuts their path. It is a significant issue in debate about the border to ensure protection of their migratory routes. The critters can’t apply for visas.

But Even More Birds

There are places on every birder’s bucket list. The Chiricahua Mountains are at the top, because half of all avian species in North America are found there.

The San Pedro River flows north from Mexico, to join the Gila. It is the most significant free flowing stream in the southwest. Flanked by the Dragoon’s and Chiricahua’s on the east, and the Huachuca’s on the west, it forms a corridor birds fly in migration, which makes the Dragoons, Huachuca’s, Chiricahuas, and the valleys between, their home every year.

Some birding hot spots:

Miller, Carr and Ramsey Canyons in the Huachuca’s. Thirteen species of Hummingbird are documented every year inRamsey Canyon. Birders can witness the Elegant Tanager, Eared Quetzal, Rufus-capped Warbler, Aztec Thrush, Brown-backed Solitaire, and others rarely, if ever seen elsewhere in the U.S.
Cave Creek Canyon in the Chiricahuas is famous the world over. Of special interest are wintering raptors. It is not uncommon to check 100 birds of prey off your list in a day, including the rare Ferruginous Hawk, Northern Harrier, Harris’s Hawk, Prairie Falcon, Bald Eagle, Golden Eagle, and Red-tailed Hawk.
The San Pedro Riparian National Conservation Area, managed by the Bureau of Land Management, is a 56,000-acre preserve along the upper San Pedro River. An estimated 4 million migrating birds travel there each year. It is home to over 100 indigenous species, including forty percent of all Gray Hawks in the U.S.

Needless To Say…

The area has the most reptiles, bees and ant species in the U.S. There are 135 types of snake, lizard, toad, and turtle living there.

The finest place to see and learn about the diversity and splendor of plants, reptiles, birds, mammals and insects that inhabit the region, is the Arizona Sonora Desert Museum. It’s located in the natural desert environment, next to Saguaro National Park, west of Tucson.

It’s ranked one of the Top 10 Museums in the country by TripAdvisor.com and contains 98 acres of zoo, aquarium, aviary, botanical garden, art gallery, mineral exhibit, and natural history museum.

Famous For Rocks

It’s not just plants and animals that define Madrean diversity; it’s the rocks too. The Sky Islands exhibit more mixed geological composition than any other place on the planet. Formed 13 million years ago from continental rifting, the mountains did not rise so much as the valleys sank away, leaving the hard rock standing.

The Chiricahua Range is a single massive volcano, whereas the Santa Catalina’s, Rincon’s, Penaleño’s and Dragoon’s have metamorphic cores of gneiss and granite. The other Sky islands are predominately limestone. This mixed composition presents a variety of soils types, which contributes to the wide diversity in plants.

No wonder Tucson is home to the largest Gem and Mineral convention in the world, with over forty show arenas throughout town, anchored by the prestigious Tucson Gem and Mineral Show held each year in February.

Its Where The Anasazi Disappeared.

The region is a crossroads for people as well as flora and fauna. It is the scene of one of the greatest mysteries of antiquity – the Anasazi, who left castles and cliff dwellings, roads, farms and kivas in the Four Corners area in apparent hurry in 1,300 A.D.

We may not know why they left, but we know where they went. They came here.

The Anasazi were only one group of Pueblo Indian. Puebloan culture extended from southern Utah and Colorado, throughout Arizona, New Mexico and Mexico. Cultural cousins to the Anasazi were the Mogollon, Salado, Paquime, Hohokam and other Puebloan people.

When the Anasazi departed Mesa Verde, Kayenta, Canyon de Chelly and other Four Corners pueblos, they fled south and joined these groups. Some followed the Rio Grande, or joined clans on the Mogollon Rim. Others passed through and found a home in Paquime, in Mexico. But many came to reside with the Hohokam, who lived along the rich riparian canyons of Sky Islands, and built sophisticated catchments and irrigation canals to water their crops.

Coronado’s Conquistadors Arrived

The San Pedro River Valley was a causeway for trade and travel to the Pueblo Indians, who traded with the Aztec. Artifacts spanning centuries from Chaco Canyon to Kayenta include Macaw feathers, obsidian mirrors and hammered copper that came from Aztec culture deep in Mexico.

When the Spanish arrived, they took the same trail. In 1540, Francisco Vasquez de Coronado and his conquistadors entered what is now the United States in the San Pedro Valley, near the Huachuca Mountains. They traveled north in search of “seven cities of gold” and found one hundred Indian pueblos, the Grand Canyon and Kansas before giving up on gold.

Today, several Sky Islands compose the Coronado National Forest.

Home For Eskimos

Before Spaniards arrived, Eskimo’s came to the Sky Islands. Navajo and Apache are of Athabascan origin. They migrated from Canada, like the spruce and fir that populate the mountains, and are genetically linked to today’s Eskimo.

Bands collectively known as the Chiricahua Apache made the Sky Islands home, and fought 150 years of war to stay there. The most seminal event of the Apache Wars occurred when Mexicans killed the wife and children of a man named Goyathlay. Today we call him Geronimo.

The crime fostered his vicious guerilla approach to warfare that had Mexican and American soldiers scouring the entire region. The complexity of the geography aided Geronimo, making his renegade band impossible to find.

General Nelson Miles, who captured Geronimo in 1886, built a heliograph station in the Penaleño Mountains to signal troops in search of the Apache. The place is still called Heliograph Peak. At one time, 5,000 troops hunted Geronimo and his band of a few dozen warriors.

Geronimo lobbied to the end of his life to allow his people to return to the Chiricahuas. President Theodore Roosevelt denied him, saying it would raise fear in the “local” people.

Astronomy Capital Of The World

NOAO_AURA_NSF — Kitt Peak. Credit NOAO/AURA/NSF.

Today, Sky Islands are home to more peaceful pursuits. There are twenty-five active observatories located on their peaks. Clear, dry desert air, low light pollution and peaks that reach seven to eleven thousand feet above sea level make this place tops for astronomers. That’s why the University of Arizona in Tucson is a renowned institution for optics and astronomy.

The Santa Catalina Mountains, north of Tucson are home for the Mount Lemmon Observatory, and the Mount Lemmon Sky Center, affiliated with the University. South of Tucson, in the Santa Rita Mountains is 8,550-foot Mt. Hopkins and the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory, operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory.

Above the town of Safford brood the Penaleño range, tallest of the Sky Islands, where several observatories reside atop 10,720-foot Mt. Graham, including the Vatican Advanced Technology Telescope, the Large Binocular Telescope and the Mount Graham International Observatory.

Most famous of all, and the largest collection of optical telescopes in the world, is Kitt Peak National Observatory, at 6,875 feet in the Quinlan Mountains southwest of Tucson.

These connect the Sky Islands with researchers around the world, bringing the entire universe into focus, making it the greatest crossroads on the planet.

Here are some handy links:

http://www.terrain.org/articles/21/skroch.htm

[Ref 2] http://www.fs.fed.us/rm/pubs_rm/rm_gtr264/rm_gtr264_006_018.pdf

[Ref 3] http://www.fs.fed.us/rm/pubs_rm/rm_gtr264/rm_gtr264_036_059.pdf

[Ref 4] http://www.cbsnews.com/news/rare-jaguar-seen-roaming-southern-arizona-mountains/

[Ref 5] http://wildsonora.com/content/ocelots-arizona

[Ref 6] http://www.fs.fed.us/rm/pubs_rm/rm_gtr264/rm_gtr264_036_059.pdf

[Ref 7] http://sabo.org/

[Ref 8] http://www.checklist.org.br/getpdf?SL122-08

[Ref 9] https://www.desertmuseum.org/about/

[Ref 10] http://www.fs.fed.us/rm/pubs_rm/rm_gtr264/rm_gtr264_006_018.pdf

[Ref 11] http://www.tgms.org/show-2015/

[Ref 12] http://www.desertusa.com/ind1/ind_new/ind11.html

[Ref 13] http://arizonaexperience.org/remember/coronado-expedition

[Ref 14] http://www.indians.org/welker/geronimo.htm

[Ref 15] http://www.go-astronomy.com/observatories

Thunderblogs September 16, 2015October 3, 2017

The Shape of the Universe

See my latest post “The Shape of the Universe” on this Gamma Ray Burst feature found by astronomers that casts a big questions on Big Bang Cosmology, at Thunderbolts.info.

Electric Earth September 16, 2015October 3, 2017

We’ve been warned. People need to listen.

First came the warning from scientists – twelve percent chance a Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) will hit Earth in the next ten years. That’s one-in-eight…one-in-six is Russian roulette. Nice odds.

Now a major hedge fund warns “unimaginable consequences” for the global economy. The global economy is the host from which they feed – vampires can’t survive if humans go extinct.

Said Paul Singer’s Elliott Management in a letter to investors about CME’s, dated July 28, “While these pages are typically chock full of scary or depressing scenarios, there is one risk that is head-and-shoulders above all the rest in terms of the scope of potential damage adjusted for the likelihood of occurrence.”

Lloyd’s of London warned in 2013 a massive solar storm could disrupt financial markets, food supplies, transportation systems, and hospital services at an economic cost as high as $2.6 trillion—20 times larger than the cost of damages caused by hurricanes Katrina and Sandy.

I’m not concerned about the money. I’m concerned about the lives. People may die by thousands, or even millions.

solarflare_02 — NASA Photo of Coronal Mass Ejection

Two years ago, Earth narrowly missed the most powerful CME in 150 years. NASA published in the December 2013 issue of Space Weather, “A major solar eruptive event in July, 2012.” The study describes a CME that tore through Earth orbit narrowly missing us. “If it had hit, we would still be picking up the pieces,” said team member Daniel Baker of the University of Colorado.

Californians know the “big one” is on it’s way, and live in a – “it will kill somebody else, not me” – state of denial, but sooner or later it will occur. The odds are about the same for a CME that could affect the entire Continent, and the complacency is worse. At least California enforces building codes with severe earthquake in mind. At least most Californian’s will not be where the earthquake happens.

A CME could hit us all. Grid down, communications down, water, gas and electricity off for days, weeks, months…coming on-line slowly while millions of people look for help. If help doesn’t arrive and we run out of water and food, what then? Got your bug-out shelter? I hope its not all P-V powered. Those cheap Chinese panels will fry.

The answer isn’t a plan to run for the hills, although I recommend it for back-up. The answer is – Stop electing leaders who have their heads up their ass, working the gravy-train instead of serving the people.

I won’t diatribe on the dishonesty of progressive ideology, or the closed-minded idiocy of conservatives. I wish to point out that there is only one candidate who is concerned, which makes him the smartest, most qualified man to be president. He actually recognizes the risk and puts it front-and-center as a key issue for the security of our nation.

That man is Ben Carson.

ben-carson-tight-crop-restricted-large-169 — CNN Photo – Ben Carson

As of right now, he’s got my vote. If I hear a cogent concern about the real risk of CME’s from another, I’ll weigh him, or her into consideration.

Anyone running for president who does not either raise the issue as critical, or who instead claims man-made global warming is the biggest threat we face, I immediately remove from consideration for being either ignorant, or an intellectually dishonest toady for hard-left environmental groups and scientists protecting their gravy-train.

Ben Carson is smart. He knows the important issues and calls bullshit on the rest, so it’s not just his awareness of CME’s.

He has a consistent moral rudder that keeps a straighter course than mine, which has to be a good thing. He understands applied science and how we must look to it for answers. He wants a flat tax. He does not support theories unsupported by evidence to advance a political agenda. In other words, he has common sense. When was the last time you saw that in politics?

Data mounts that our scientists have their heads up their ass.

ND_NASA-39B-Lightning_photo3 — NASA Photo – Massive Lightning Discharge

Why do I say such a thing? Because they underestimate the danger. Look at the photo on the right. See the relative size of the lightning to the foreground buildings – that ground strike is massive, covering acres of land. Science does not understand how big these things can get.

They know it’s going to happen – that is not in dispute. The Carrington CME event of 1859 is well known. What an event like it would do to the house-of-cards, technology dependent society we live in is also known. That it will happen again in the near future is certain.

We may get lucky and it won’t happen for decades, allowing time to harden the grid, build adequate redundancy and improve early warning systems. If so, breakers can be opened to protect grid components and communications.

Utilities take these things into account, but realizing the threat has been slow in coming. Politically driven focus has been on renewable energy. Enormous time and resource has been wasted on thermal solar plants, P-V farms, environmentally damaging bio-fuels and annoying windmills over a small, or non-existent problem with CO2. Safe guarding the grid needs our attention and resources.

The government answer is to improve early warning. All well and good, but some Solar “winds” travel at near the speed of light. It can travel from Sun to Earth in minutes. We do not have a margin for error. The grid itself needs more protection.

We can protect ourselves from Carrington sized events, but what if it’s way bigger than that?

NASA_burning_tree_lg — NASA Photo – Sprite, a plasma discharge to space.

Mainstream science is loath to recognize the role of electrical current in space. They see magnetic fields and believe they are local phenomena created by dynamos within stars and planets. They believe bulk electrical charge in space is neutral – positive and negative particles cancelling each other out.

This is absurd. Positive and negative charges don’t come together one-on-one to cancel each other out. Regions of differing potential manifest. A difference in charge potential creates an electric field, along which the charge flows and generates a magnetic field. Electrically charged plasma naturally self organizes these interdependent fields and forms a sheath to project current through space.

That is why it is called plasma. It self organizes cell-like structure similar to living blood plasma. This is known from classic physics.

We see organizing magnetic fields throughout the solar system, nebula, galactic arms, collimated plasma jets shooting thousands of light years from active galaxies, and cosmic scale, charge carrying filaments where galaxies form in clusters like flies on a spider web.

Magnetic fields don’t exist without electric current. The evidence is overwhelming that electric current is coursing through space. Satellites watch the Earth and Sun from almost every angle in every spectrum. New data comes in every day that confirms we are electrically connected to the Sun. It makes our climate, effects tectonics and generates weather.

Anthony Peratt, plasma physicist at Los Alamos National Laboratory proved that ancient petroglyphs are images of powerful aurora. We don’t know exactly when, or how many times such events occurred, because of uncertainty trying to date images pecked in rock, but it happened somewhere from 4,000 to 12,000 BC.

My concern is that the laboratory plasma energy Peratt used to produce such instabilities scales-up to a gigaampere event. By comparison, a normal aurora is a megaampere event. Peratt’s findings indicate electrical current hit Earth with a thousand times more energy than anything we’ve experienced in recorded history, making Carrington a mere hiccup.

Unless something else entered our solar system, the Sun had to be the culprit. Assume it is. Then what’s to prevent it from happening again?

Mainstream science thinks the Sun is a fusion balloon, even though we see nothing but electromagnetic activity in the Sun’s photosphere, corona and heliosphere. Actually, wherever we look in space electromagnetic plasma phenomena is obvious.

Mainstream science, believing the Sun is internally fueled by it’s mass, views it as barely variable, expecting the occasional Carrington hiccup, but not anticipating the type of event discovered by Peratt. Peratt’s study and a growing list of other evidence disputes this, suggesting the Sun responds to electrical current from the galactic arms. If so, we don’t know how big the Sun can amp up.

volcano-lightning_2514619k — NASA Photo – Electricity is everywhere. It’s not the consequence, it’s the cause.

Recently, researchers found geomagnetic induction current is enhanced at the equator during severe geomagnetic storms. Geomagnetic induction current (GIC) is what knocks out power lines, blows transformers, zaps pipelines and satellites.

They believe the equatorial electro-jet is the cause. The electro-jet is a torus of current that flows around the equator, only discovered recently. The article in Geophysical Research Letters, shows countries near the magnetic equator are more vulnerable to space weather because of it.

They found GIC is amplified by the electro-jet at low latitudes, not at the poles where it was thought to be most severe.

Scientists also discovered solar flares produce dark current more focused and perhaps more dangerous than CME’s. They shoot like torpedoes, collimated beams of current with an affinity for targeting planetary bodies, because that’s where an electric field will lead – the closest body of different potential – just like lightning seeks the tallest point on the ground on which to discharge.

They also occur during the Sun’s quiescent periods, like the one it’s heading into now. A quiet Sun may mean more dangerous space weather.

tornado_Pic_1 — NASA Photo – A tornado has counter-rotating winds and up and down draft currents that resemble plasma currents. Perhaps it is more than a resemblance.

Space weather drives the weather here on Earth. The linkage has been known and studied for centuries, correlating sunspots and solar cycles with climate. That is how a man like Ben Franklin was able to write an Almanac that predicted weather cycles much better than Al Gore.

It seems an unfortunate fact that our ancestors, who had nothing but fire and chipped stone for technology, understood more about some aspects of the world around us than our scientists today. That is because they trusted their eyes and not an equation.

Lightning bolts from space are not my biggest concern. The worry is how an amped-up earth will react with tectonic activity and fierce weather. Space weather could present a truly “perfect storm.”

We have ample witness accounts in legends and mythology from the past. Thunderbolts of the Gods, rains of fire and brimstone, torrential floods. Does it make sense that every major ancient culture around the globe made that stuff up?

Take a look at Google Earth – examine the dozens of craters in North Africa. They are everywhere on the planet, but easier to spot in the desert. One is twenty-five miles wide. They are not impact craters, or volcanoes. They are craters formed by electrical discharge, just like all the planets in the solar system.

I will endeavor to show you this in future articles. In the meantime, give a listen to this candidate who is talking sense. Realize he is not another airbrushed politician who seeks to win your vote by saying what failed political parties and ideologies expect him to say to prop themselves up. He is willing to say what people need to hear, the truth, whether it’s politically correct, or not.

AD Hall

Thunderblogs September 12, 2015October 3, 2017

Vela and the Cosmic Funnel

Researchers say data from IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole indicate cosmic rays zapping Earth at the South Pole are coming from particular locations, rather than distributed uniformly across the sky.

Stefan Westerhoff of the University of Wisconsin and team used the observatory, buried under a thick layer of ice, to create a comprehensive map of the direction of cosmic rays in southern skies. The device detects elementary particles such as muons and neutrinos.

The cosmic ray source is 800 to 1,000 light years from Earth in the Vela supernova remnant. The massive star that formed this structure blew up between 11,000 and 12,300 years ago, astronomers believe.

The Vela Supernova Remnant in the centre of the Gum Nebula area of Vela. This is the remains of a star that exploded thousands of years ago. The emission nebula at upper left is Gum 17, at centre left is Gum 18. This is a stack of 10 x 12 minute exposures with the Borg 77mm astrographic apo refractor at f/4.3 (330mm focal length) and the filter-modified Canon 5D Mark II at ISO 800. The image has been highly processed in contrast to bring out the faint nebulosity and arcs of the remnant. Taken from Coonabarabran, Australia March 2014. — Vela Supernova Remnant

Astronomers also believe Vela left at its core a pulsar-class neutron star, which has the density of an atomic nucleus spinning on its axis 10 times per second.

I would argue with that, EU provides more plausible explanations, but that is not the point, except to recognize estimates of when Vela occurred are based on those assumptions.

Astronomers also believe cosmic rays from such distance are buffeted by magnetic fields, lose all direction and should appear evenly from all parts of the sky. That’s not what they observed.

Felix Aharonian of the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies in Ireland and colleagues suggested a “tube of magnetic field lines” between the source and our solar system, a funnel of cosmic rays. Aharonian scoffs the theory is highly speculative.

Others propose magnetic re-connection is accelerating local cosmic rays to energies in the TeV range and beaming them towards Earth. “It implies that we have a Tevatron in the solar system,” says Aharonian, referring to the particle accelerator at Fermilab. “That’s also crazy, but it is at least less crazy than other explanations.”

No it isn’t. What’s crazy is Felix sees an expected EU phenomena and doesn’t get it.

Vela may be 800 light years away, but it’s in our galactic neighborhood. By “tube of magnetic field lines,” Aharonian means a Berkeland current. He doesn’t use the proper terminology lest he give credence to a theory that actually explains what’s being seen.

I discovered Electric Universe because of interest in events that occurred at the end of the last ice age. Around 10,900 BC, as the earth slowly warmed from the last glacial period, the climate suddenly reversed. Glaciers expanded and the Earth suffered a relapse into deep freeze, killing most megafauna.

Then, in 9,700 BC, the cold stopped and Earth warmed – very suddenly. The 1,200-year period is called the Younger Dryas (YD) after the arctic flower that bloomed effusively, spreading pollen throughout the thick, dusty, wind-blown sediments of the period.

Substantial evidence indicates YD was caused by comet or asteroid impact on the North American ice sheet. Tell-tale nano-diamonds at the boundary marking YD sediments heavily support this. Climate change was rapid, but occurred over centuries, also consistent with impact theory.

The end of the cold is a bigger mystery. Evidence shows it occurred in less than three years – and perhaps it happened all in one, very bad day. I have a notion Vela was involved.

Making The Vela Connection

sp02_hohokam_petroglyphs_sears_point — Squatter Man

Item 1 – Dr. Anthony Peratt identifies prehistoric petroglyphs with extreme aurora events. This is a significant clue to the past. It’s also a clue to the workings of our solar system. Peratt’s work is clear. A gigaampere event lit up the southern sky with amazing aurora seen worldwide and recorded in stone.

Item 2 – Dr. Heinrich Svensmark theorizes a high energy cosmic ray connection to cloud formation and correlates ice ages with the position of the solar system within the galactic plane, causing increase in cosmic rays due to EU recognized phenomena. He has previously proven a connection for cosmic ray-ion-cloud formation in cloud chambers.

Item 3 – Dr. Robert Schoch theorizes a significantly large CME, or solar flare may have caused the YD climate change consistent with EU theory. He has previously shown erosion of the Sphinx makes it thousands of years older than thought, and perhaps dates to the YD period.

Item 4 – Vela theoretically went supernova in the period of the YD, although dating is based on neutron star theory, which EU does not support. The dating is based on frequency of the pulsar. EU theory predicts pulsars to be the flickering remains of a massive z-pinch short-circuit, presumably ending the life of a star, not a neutron star rotating ten times per second.

Item 5 – Vela is still blasting us with cosmic rays through Birkeland filaments in the Milky Way, as discussed in the opening. If that connection were open when the event occurred, the highest energy light-speed particles, gamma and x-ray would hit the heliosphere through a focused channel, not diffuse in space.

EU predicts these currents exist between stars in the galaxies and between galaxies in the Universe. It suggests they are not randomly connected, but linked electromagnetically. The sun would necessarily respond to the extra energy. This provides a mechanism for Dr. Schoch’s CME, or flare event.

This may be weak correlation, but there is a beautiful framework of EU phenomena we have observable evidence to study. Let’s see if we can strengthen the correlation.

“Squatter man”

Petroglyphs are hard to date. Their age can only be inferred from the age of artifacts found in association. Weathering, patina, lichen growth are only comparative measures…it’s never certain.

Furthermore, plasma events may have occurred many times in pre-history, and the rock art may record several events. Hopefully, evidence will emerge. Nevertheless, there is one point in time when it may be possible to correlate.

Item 6 – An article in Journal of Archaeological Science, by paleo-climatologist Larry Benson dates Nevada petroglyphs from radio carbon dating coatings on the rock. His study indicates they were made between wet periods when the rocks were submerged, which he correlates with age of strata in the lakebed to have occurred between 8,000 and 12,800 BC. Pictures on his website clearly show the petroglyphs portray plasma instabilities, including everyone’s favorite “squatter man.” The researcher claims it to be the oldest dated glyph in North America.

Item 7 – At Lapa do Santo, Brazil archeologists uncovered a petroglyph in undisturbed strata. By radio carbon dating material and other confirming test in the strata they determined the glyphs age to be 8,000 to 10,000 BC. The glyph depicts a Peratt instability of the “squatter man” variety. Researchers claim it to be the oldest dated glyph in South America.

Item 8 – Gobleki Tepi, Turkey is the worlds oldest megalithic structure firmly dated. It was manually covered with dirt and remained that way for thousands of years. Its beginning of construction is dated to roughly 10,000 BC. The exquisitely sculpted columns depict a variety of animal forms. Some of these, if not all, are slightly morphed characterizations of plasma displays artistically portrayed as birds, beaver pelts, geometries and other figures.

Item 9 – The Shigir Idol, a very well-preserved carved wooden totem found in a peat bog in the Urals is the oldest wooden statue in the world. Meticulous dating indicates it was constructed circa, 9,000 BC. It’s carvings depict the same grids, wavy lines, stacked diamonds, snakes and other images typical of the Peratt instability class of petroglyphs.

Each of these represents the oldest know and reliably dated artifacts clearly showing Peratt instabilities (that I am aware of.)

Artifact dates are within a common set between 9,000 and 10,000 BC.

Vela is dated to 9,000 to 10,300 BC.

The YD warmed in 9,700 BC.

They are smack-dab in the same ballpark.

I rest my case. It’s the best I have at the moment. EU predicts the possibility, science backs-up the dates, and I think it is an opportunity to learn more following this train of thought.

Just consider, these petroglyph images are a million in number on every continent except Antarctica. If one particular year, decade, or century can be identified when the events occurred, we have a global survey of the people and where they were and what they witnessed at the time. That would lead to better interpretation of every other bit of pot sherd and bone discovered, every snippet of myth and spiritual belief.

Whether Vela was the cause, whether that resulted in a solar flare, or a direct cosmic bombardment of Earth, or both, I think we have an event recorded from 9,700 BC that caused the Earth to warm rapidly, glaciers to melt in torrential floods and storms unlike any seen since. Many legends and myths around the world also support this.

The Kachinas in the sky must have frightened ancient man to the core. Were those who pecked the images they saw in the southern sky into rock survivors, or were they the ones trying to worship the aurora while lucky individuals sat under the rocks.

There is more evidence out there. Mainstream archeology seems to be deaf to the science of Peratt’s work. If you glanced at any of the links you’ll see that outside of the EU/Plasma community it is not mentioned. It’s over a decade since Peratt’s paper published and archeologists are still interpreting these figures with blinders on – as regional culture based phenomena, without seeming to know, or acknowledge these are found around the world.

They continue to blunder on, interpreting them as cultural icons on which they base absurd migratory assumptions, shamanistic psychotropic visions seen across a shared human consciousness, or proto-language script.

Well, it is the latter if you consider rock panels as catalogs of things witnessed, which is how I see it. I believe they witnessed and recorded on rock as they watched, and reproduced the images, applying they’re own interpretations as art at Gobleki Tepi, on the Shigir Idol and as we still do today.

These images are on petroglyphs, intaglios and artifacts in every part of the world except Antarctica. There are more examples that can yield dates out there, and the information may already be in someone’s knowledge. If you know of anything, please e-mail, or leave a comment. I am interested in any information that can lead to dating an artifact, petroglyph, pictograph or intaglio that depicts Peratt instability imagery.

And by the way, has anyone checked on the status of Betelgeuse lately?

If you have read this entire post but have not read Dr. Peratt’s paper, it is at this link. If you don’t know about EU, follow Electric Universe. Read my Thunderblogs.

AD Hall

Author “Lapse of Reason”