Laramie Mountains – Part 2

In my last presentation, Easter egg hunt in the Laramie Mountains, we covered the near perfect cross of canyons made by two out-of-phase circuits coming together. In Part 2, we’ll look at the wind cut valleys around the cross that resulted from induced winds.

Many readers will recall Michael Steinbacher. He theorized landscapes formed by electric winds that prevented deposition of dust raining from the sky. He even performed experiments that demonstrated electric winds doing it. What I’m showing you is exactly what he was talking about.

Wind cut channels are sometimes narrow, straight and deep like the capacitive winds in figure 11, and sometimes they snake, divide and join following induction currents, cutting broad valleys with funnel shaped inflows, as shown in Figures 12 through 14. The (a) image is annotated with wind patterns and the (b) image is without markings for comparison.

Winds in the NE quadrant flowed parallel to the SE quadrant winds, and both cut perpendicular to magnetic field lines, but the NE winds shoot inside the loop of magnetic field lines to the apex, whereas the SE winds cut across the loop sideways.

In the NW quadrant, winds followed magnetic field lines, making a sharp bend at the crux of the “X” and staying inside the quadrant, but lifting as they made the turn.

The SW quadrant has a split personality. In one half winds flow straight at the crux of the “X” in direct opposition to wind from the NE quadrant. These winds met in a central updraft that lifted them vertical. In the other half of the quadrant, winds circulate, making an “S” shaped pattern that begins parallel to, and then crosses magnetic field lines perpendicularly.

Figure 12a
Figure 12b.

The reason for winds to flow either parallel to, or perpendicular to magnetic field lines is induction. Both moving magnetic fields and electric fields induce current. Reactive current is called capacitive when it follows electric fields. It is called inductive when it follows magnetic fields. Magnetic fields are perpendicular to electric fields in certain conditions. Since these mountains formed from circuits 180 degrees out-of-phase, things tend to line-up.

The Laramie circuit produced induction currents following both electric and magnetic fields. Winds in the NE quadrant were due to capacitive reactance, following the electric field. The NW quadrant winds were due to inductive reactance, aligned with magnetic field lines. The SW and SE quadrant winds were combinations of capacitive and inductive currents, but expressed in different geometries.

Reactive currents express either inductive, or capacitive behavior, or a mix in different parts of the circuit. Therefore it’s not surprising the southern quadrants have blended currents. What is surprising is how clear the pattern is etched, in spite of all the chaos and violence of this event. On display are electromagnetic forces that stirred the earth, like we would stir iron filings with a magnet.

Further away from the discharge, the southern quadrants mixed into a large tornado with two satellite whirlwinds that lifted wind in this quadrant into the mesocyclone storm (Figure 15). This tornado region sits just south of the “X” which marks the center of the mesocyclone’s central updraft. This position corresponds well with the formation of “wall clouds” that spawn tornadoes in typical thunderstorms.

Figure 15. Both southern quadrants display tornado footprints (violet) and shock waves (green). Blue are ground winds.

Shock waves reverberated absolutely everywhere, creating nearly vertical oriented tetrahedrons layered like fish scales. Shock waves from winds sucking into the maelstrom left triangular wave-forms where separation bubbles formed beneath screaming jet-streams. They display direction of winds that confirms the wind paths described.

Where wind exceeds supersonic speed and is forced to change direction, shock waves form. They are like folds in the fabric of the wind, which is stiffened into laminar jet streams segregated by extreme pressure differentials.

Tornadoes draw ground winds from all directions, but in a supersonic tornado, there is an inlet zone where the majority of wind enters the rotation. They are drawn from ambient jet stream winds that the tornado forms tangent to. Figure 16 shows winds entering the whirlwind change direction from linear to rotation, forming a large shock wave tangent to the rotation, and parallel to the jet stream (note 1). This inflow shock wave is a distinct feature of tornado “footprints” if the winds involved were supersonic.

If the winds also rotated at supersonic speed, additional shock waves form tangent to the rotation at points of shear between the rotating winds and ambient winds (note 2).

Finally, tornadoes may form shock waves due to shearing interior to the rotation where they curl inside the inlet zone (note 3).

Figure 16. Supersonic Tornado Shock Waves

The largest tornado in Figure 15 lies in the SE quadrant and produced Laramie Peak. It’s the highest point in the range at 10,260 ft, and sits next to a gouged-out valley that dips to 6,700 ft elevation. Both the valley and the peak are within the tornado’s rotation. Tornadoes form a cambered debris “bowl” where the winds scrape the ground. The debris is lifted away where the force of inlet winds carve at the land, and then are deposited on the opposite side of the rotation as the winds lift (Figure 17). Mt. Laramie is one such deposit.

Figure 17. Tornado mountain building.

Shock waves are evident where supersonic winds change direction. Examples in Figure 18a are tetrahedrons formed in the NE quadrant, where winds following the electric field lifted to create separation bubbles. They form tetrahedrons in linear rows conventionally known as monoclines, but they are, in fact, supersonic “sand dunes”. This is especially evident if you examine the breaks and inflections caused by constructive and destructive interference patterns.

Figure 18a shows tetrahedrons formed by jet stream winds rising to the mesocyclone in Area 1. A new set of tetrahedral dunes formed in Area 2, which deflected winds and starved Area 3, leaving a triangular interference zone that pinched out formation of tetrahedrons from the shock wave of Area 1. The gap between Areas 1 and 2 turned the wind and formed a tornado (Area 4) in it’s eddy.

Figure 18b shows these same features from another angle and how eddy currents form behind tetrahedrons in a low pressure zone beneath the rising winds. These are, in effect, destructive interference troughs behind the constructive peak of the wave pattern as winds undulated across the ground.

Figure 18a. Shock waves are green; wind direction, blue; destructive interference, orange; and tornado, violet.
Figure 18b. Shock waves green; wind direction, blue; wind eddies and tornado in violet.

Stepping back to look at the entire heart-shaped circuit domain in Figure 19; blue lines trace the ground level jet stream winds, violet swirls indicate where tornadoes made definitive features on the ground, red “x”s are discharge patterns, and the green areas are where the thunderstorms down-drafted to the rear and rear flank of the storm (also Figure 20). The two lakes are where the circuits connected to ground deep in the Earth, leaving a distinct “V” shaped land form between them forming the base of the “heart”.

The top of the heart is an accumulation of positively charged matter swept there by winds in-flowing to meso-cyclone updrafts, and the bottom of the heart is a negatively charged basin swept clear by down-drafting winds. These are the anodic and cathodic sides of the domain, neatly separating the top and bottom of the heart. There are several other symmetries and heart analogies hidden there.

Figure 19. Laramie Mountains wind flow pattern. Blue lines are ground wind paths, Violet swirls are tornadoes, Green outlines storm downdrafts. Two other “X” shaped discharges are shown to the SE of central discharge.
Figure 20. This basin is the center of down-burst winds from the meso-cyclone. Note the massive erosion and deep, wind cut canyons.

This would have been a horrible place. The discharges blasted negative ions and free electrons away in arc blasts, while drawing positive ions inward. The velocities, temperatures and densities of the winds differed, their dielectric properties differed, their charge densities differed; and they segregated, with the positive inflow hugging the ground, accumulating dust that adhered to the statically charged land. The drag of the winds covered the land with blankets of dust, layered like fish scales, hardened by sonic pressure and electric currents that snapped and crackled everywhere.

The clouds roiled in whirling updrafts overhead. A squall-line of heavy thunderstorms formed in mirror image to the chaos on the ground, spitting lightning in carpet bomb fashion that would have made the clouds glow. Rain fell in torrents of mud and rock. Supersonic winds scoured the ground, in-flowing to biblical whirlwinds, and sonic shock waves reverberated in electrified sheets of plasma current; the entire atmosphere surrounding the storm patterned in the shock-diamond herringbone of flashing, ionized shock waves.

Lightning discharge blossomed like acne, leaving pinnacles, dikes, craters and domes in regions of high tension. Winds stirred around these discharges, disturbing the ambient winds into transient cyclones that left hardened dunes as monuments. And the winds reached supersonic speeds patterned by shock waves that embossed the land with triangular and polygonal wave-forms.

At the time they were made, with all the violent turbulence, heat and electric currents, the mountains likely resembled not so much hard granite, but puddles of hot jam, squished into form by wind and mashed by an electric fork.

Figure 21. Laramie Mountains.

This whole mountain range is direct and unequivocal evidence of electric formation. Conventional means of uplift, faulting and erosion requiring several eons of disconnected events could not, by any reasonably statistical probability produce phase diagrams 15 miles across the face of the earth with induced current paths shaped by magnetic field lines.

The features of these mountains are coherent only when recognized as the result of electrical circuits in the Earth. Each ridge line and canyon, every hill and dale, can be tied to a sequence of events that occurred at one particular phase in Earth’s evolution involving extreme electrical stress on the planet.

Conventional science can’t explain why any two of these features coexist, let alone demonstrate their disjointed theories empirically, or model them with any real plausibility on computers. But you can make discharge patterns like this with some wire and an AC power source. Or, as I have done, bring two out-of-phase plasma balls into contact.

I simply powered one plasma ball with AC current and one with DC, so it produced and in-phase/out-of-phase sequence as the AC side alternated. Between the two balls, the sparks joined and spread with each pulse, like hands clasping, then spreading fingers to push away as energy expended in reactive discharges, perpendicular to the in-phase current flow, just like the “X” patterns in the mountains.

The plasma interaction between the plasma balls didn’t occur at the glass barrier of the globes, as you might expect. It occurred inside the DC ball with the weaker voltage, pushed there by the higher voltage AC ball. Unfortunately, the experiment fried my plasma balls before I could film it. I don’t have the kind of high speed equipment needed to properly photograph it anyway. This image in Figure 21 however, does capture the effect, although I don’t know the circuitry of this set-up.

Figure 22. Tesla coil discharge (white filaments) makes connection with an electrode. Reactive power currents (violet flames) spread in a cone around the discharge.

Figure 21 shows a Tesla coil discharging to an electrode. White filaments of current direct connect to the electrode, while violet plasma flames of reactive power shoot outward in a cone around the discharge. The angle of the cone isn’t 90 degrees, but that is an artifact of this particular circuit and its phase angle.

The Laramie circuit resulted in a discharge along a dipolar alignment between circuit domains, with a capacitive reaction aimed clockwise 90 degrees from the dipolar alignment, and an inductive reaction 90 degrees counter-clockwise, forming a cross, because the domains were exactly 180 degrees out-of-phase.

So, you see the world is a more understandable place than you have been led to believe. To understand it we need to recognize the Earth contains holographic imagery of it’s past charge distributions. We need to recognize that charge distributions result from circuitry that can be traced, understood and put to experiment and modelling. The information is there to learn vastly more than we know today about its creation. To get the info, we just need to ask the right questions.

Thank you.

Easter Egg Hunt in Laramie Mountains – Part 1

In the final chapter of the Eye of the Storm series I presented Easter eggs – surprise geologic findings that confirmed a theory, or presented astonishing new information about Earth’s electric circuitry. Exploring the Electric Earth is a perpetual egg hunt, because every rock confirms the Bunny is REAL.

Electrical discharges follow patterns and behaviors that yield definitive information about cause and effect. Discharge patterns on the landscape indelibly record discharge events, like a holographic data bank.

Chapters 8 and 9 of Eye of the Storm discussed surface conductive discharges across Earth’s surface that formed the Colorado River and it’s tributaries. The trace of a surface conductive discharge is particularly rich in information, because, unlike a lightning bolt that momentarily sticks on the Earth, a surface discharge has to crawl across the surface, meeting significant impedance, seeking out conductive pathways, expending vast energies transporting matter, while explosively faulting and excavating. It takes time, it’s not energy efficient and it leaves its mark.

A stunning display of a particular type of surface conductive discharge can be found in the Laramie Mountains in Wyoming (Figure 1). Embedded in these mountains are gorges and ridge-lines that literally form a phase diagram of what took place. It couldn’t be more explicit than if God had left his blueprint on the drafting table for all to see. This fifteen mile cross is from a discharge between two out-of-phase circuits.

Figure 1. “X” marks the spot, smack in the center of the Laramie Mountains.

First, however, let’s consider the geometry of a surface conductive discharge. Each discharge branches out in fractal, self similar dendrites, to absorb all the surface charge on the conductive object it’s attached to (Figure 2a) – in our case it’s the Earth. This is diffusion limited aggregation. Each filament of a discharge soaks up charge from a particular domain. The domain is a region surrounding the spark defined by it’s electromagnetic field, from which it sucks charge of one polarity and spits charge of the other polarity in reactive power surges. It does this because it’s not insulated current like we use in electrical systems.

Filament domains cover every square inch of solid land on the planet. We call them watersheds, because they serve to collect rain waters into river channels, but that’s a consequence, not a cause. The Earth once crawled with electrical discharges. This should be self evident in any theory of planetary formation. In consensus theories, planet and comet collisions would necessitate big sparks. In Electric Universe theory, sparks are already acknowledged. Why consensus science doesn’t look for evidence of electrical discharge is evidence they don’t ask the right questions.

What is interesting – the big Easter Egg I’m getting to – is that domains cross and the filaments interact. Giant sparks result. The interaction we’ll investigate created a landscape that can only be explained electrically. The statistical probability of consensus theories doing it is nigh impossible.

Domains don’t usually cross, because skin effects occur between domains that keep them segregated as if by a membrane (Figure 2b). But they can cross and interact if domains are out of balance. An over-voltage in one could make it aggressive and overcome another. Depending on phase disparities, this can be a gentle hand holding connection, or it can be an explosive punch. We will look at one of the explosive kinds.

The Laramie Range – Shot Through The Heart

The annotated image in Figure 3 shows the area of interest, circled in violet, including the Laramie Mountains surrounded by green and red circles. The Laramie’s are part of the Continental Divide as it cuts through south-eastern Wyoming. The circles denote the major streams flowing from the mountains. Green are streams flowing to the North Platte, and thence to the Missouri and ultimately the Mississippi Valley and the Gulf of Mexico. Red are streams that flow to a sink in the basin west of the mountain range. The sink forms the Seminoe and Pathfinder Reservoirs, also circled in red west of the mountains, and the North Platte River forms the Glendo Reservoir on the opposite side, circled in green.

The high basin drains around the mountains in two flows (yellow connections). North Platte runs near Casper Wyoming around the north of the mountains, and the Laramie flows from Medicine Bow to Fort Laramie through a pass to the south of the range. The overall structure is shaped like a heart, with the mountains filling the upper half, the basin filling the lower and the rivers acting as arteries and veins.

Figure 3. Laramie Mountains circuit domain forms a Heart.

“X” Marks the Spot

The distinctive yellow “X” in the center of the range in Figure 3, is a discharge pattern that occurred when the North Platte filament of the Mississippi discharge met a separate domain with a different phase. What you see is literally a natural phase diagram that records the phase angles of the discharge. The discharge took place because the Missouri circuit was an AC current that made connection to a ground current in the basin, and sparks shot between the circuits where their domains came together. The Laramie Mountains formed as a consequence.

The discharge adopted an “X” pattern where it made connection, with east-west branches vectored along the electric field denoted by the dotted red and green lines in Figure 3. The electric field is the dipolar alignment between the lakes. The lakes, or the depressions where these lakes are, were created in the same discharge event that met at the crux of the “X” and sent reactive discharges rotated at 90 degrees to the originating spark between the circuit domains. The discharge is much like the “resonant frequency discharges”, discussed in Chapter 8 and 9 of Eye of the Storm, which created the major 180 degree (or nearly so) branches of the Colorado (Figures 4).

The geometry is different, an “X” instead of a “T”, but that is because the “X” is a resonant discharge between two existing circuit domains, whereas the “T” is a result of a single circuit bifurcating.

The bifurcating discharge meets critical resistance due to a build-up of stray capacitance that resonates the circuit, increasing frequency and therefore resistance until the current is stopped, causing it to explode in reactive discharges 90 degrees to either side of the original current, as shown in Figures 4.

The “X” is produced by two out-of-phase circuit domains coming together. The Missouri circuit is an alternating current, whereas the basin circuit is a direct current-to-ground. The two circuits go in and out of phase with each other as the AC current alternates. This makes a connection, then a discharge. The discharge is totally in the reactive power mode, because the out-of-phase circuits are 180 degrees out-of-phase and that has the same effect as resonant discharge, raising resistance to infinity and forcing the current out sideways at 90 degrees.

The first case is like putting a finger over the nozzle of a hose and forcing water to spray out sideways, 90 degrees to the direction of the nozzle. The second case is like having two hoses aimed at each other, and where the streams impact, flow sprays out sideways. In one, the blocked water pressure changes flow direction and makes a “T”, and the other, two flows impact and the pressure changes flow direction to make an “X”.

The reactive discharge dissolves the voltage differential between circuits by expending their charge – the entire accumulated charge in the Missouri circuit, in this case – in an explosive “X” shaped spark.

It created what astrophysicists call “magnetic re-connection”. Astrophysicists don’t recognize electric circuitry in space because, in dark mode, current doesn’t emit radiation they can detect. Since they can’t see it, their reductionist minds can’t make the intuitive leap to circuitry, but they do detect the magnetic flux that results. They invented the term “magnetic reconnection” in lieu of an explanation, because they can’t fathom the simplicity of two out-of-phase circuits coming together to make a spark.

Figure 5 is a .gif of “magnetic re-connection”. The moving lines are magnetic field lines – the things astrophysicists think are re-connecting – but they are actually the magnetic field lines generated by current flow oriented along the dotted lines. Their model only recognizes magnetism, so the dotted lines are just separators of the magnetic field in their .gif. The big yellow arrows pointed inwards and outwards in different quadrants of the “X” are the vectors of electric current induced by the changing magnetic field.

In the Laramie’s, induced currents were expressed in the atmosphere by plasma winds. Plasma winds drew to the crux of the discharge at ground level in the top and bottom quadrants, and blew outwards at high level like an anvil cloud in the right-left quadrants. The winds lifted in a vertical updraft over the center of the “X”. But even more astounding is the effect that magnetic fields and reactive currents had shaping the entire basin and range structure. The landscape is a 3-D photograph of what happened.

Figure 5. Magnetic field lines in “magnetic reconnection” event.

To appreciate what took place, the three dimensional nature of the circuit domains needs to be recognized. Charge diffused across the ground, as well as through the ground and into the sky. Capacitance between the Earth and sky forced mirroring currents in the atmosphere, stirring a violent storm system. Think of it as a local squall line of thunderstorms raging over the mountains at the time they were formed and while the ground discharge took place. The central updraft over the “X” formed a huge mesocyclone, flanked by smaller thunderheads to either side. Most of the energy of the discharge went straight up, into the meso-cyclone, pulsing it with energy. The wind paths to be described are ground level winds, shaped by the electromagnetic field at the planet’s surface.

The combined effect of the discharge at ground level, it’s magnetic field and the resultant plasma winds are shown in Figure 6. The discharge makes the “X” pattern, shown in red. The magnetic field lines (blue) are as shown as in Figure 5 in the pattern of “magnetic reconnection”. The wind vectors are shown in yellow.

Figure 6. Laramie Mountains – discharge currents, magnetic flux and induced winds.
Figure 7. Wind cut valleys surround the discharge “X”, patterned by capacitance and magnetic induction.

Figure 7 shows how these winds patterned around the “X”. The winds in the NE and SE quadrants flow parallel. In the NE, they cross magnetic field lines perpendicularly, flowing straight to the crux of the discharge. These winds were narrow jet streams that cut valleys as shown in Figure 8.

Figure 8. Parallel wind cut valleys in the NE quadrant. Wind lifts into central updraft at upper end of valleys where it intersects the discharge.

Jet stream winds leave valleys like shown in Figure 8, with broad rounded, or “V’ cut bottoms carpeted with silt, but no inner gorge. They may have superficial, meandering stream erosion, but not a deep, straight, inner gorge. We’ll examine more wind cut valleys later, but first let’s distinguish between wind cut valleys and the discharge blasted canyons that form the “X”.

The path of a discharge leaves canyons rough cut, with a deep inner gorge like shown in Figure 9. This is the Platte River, or north-eastern arm of the “X”.

Figure 9. NE Quadrant (Platte River side) discharge canyon has deep inner gorge.

The sides of the discharge canyon indicate arc blast which exposed granite tetrahedrons. On one side the tips of tetrahedrons (leeward side) jut out, exposed and broken (Figure 10b), whereas the other side shows the flat faces of windward tetrahedrons (Figure 10a). This indicates the mountains were laid down by a cross-wind before the discharge occurred and blasted this canyon. So, the mountains resulted from an evolving storm system that changed it’s winds, surely due to this big spark. Note the cross-hatch patterns of shock diamonds in the canyon flanks.

Figure 11 shows NE quadrant wind-cut valleys between north and east arms of the “X” discharge. Note the many transverse striations of cuts and gorges and how they change orientation between arms of the discharge. Striations come from deposition layers shaped by shock waves transverse to winds, and secondary discharge filaments between circuit paths.

Winds drew into a central vortex at the crux of the discharge, drawing dust into a pile to form the mountain. Therefore each quadrant of the discharge displays shock waves oriented by the wind in that quadrant.

Secondary discharges are from short circuiting sparks between current paths, like sparks between live, bare wires that are too close together. There is one secondary discharge visible that makes it’s own “X” pattern, center right in the image. This is a mini discharge between the AC current in the big “X” and the static build-up of charge in the wind cut lane due to the plasma jet stream. It’s essentially an AC to DC connection that makes a perfect 90 degree reaction just like the big “X”. It’s even in the same orientation – repeating, self similar forms.

In the next article we’ll return to look at more wind-cut valleys in the Laramie Mountains of Wyoming, and how they were shaped by electromagnetic forces.

Easter Egg Hunt in the Laramie Mountains

In the final chapter of the Eye of the Storm series I presented Easter eggs – surprise geologic findings that confirmed a theory, or presented astonishing new information about Earth’s electric circuitry. Exploring the Electric Earth is a perpetual egg hunt, because every rock confirms the Bunny is REAL.

Electrical discharges follow patterns and behaviors that yield definitive information about cause and effect. Discharge patterns on the landscape indelibly record discharge events, like a holographic data bank.

Chapters 8 and 9 of Eye of the Storm discussed surface conductive discharges across Earth’s surface that formed the Colorado River and it’s tributaries. The trace of a surface conductive discharge is particularly rich in information, because, unlike a lightning bolt that momentarily sticks on the Earth, a surface discharge has to crawl across the surface, meeting significant impedance, seeking out conductive pathways, expending vast energies transporting matter, while explosively faulting and excavating. It takes time, it’s not energy efficient and it leaves its mark.

A stunning display of a particular type of surface conductive discharge can be found in the Laramie Mountains in Wyoming (Figure 1). Embedded in these mountains are gorges and ridge-lines that literally form a phase diagram of what took place. It couldn’t be more explicit than if God had left his blueprint on the drafting table for all to see. This fifteen mile cross is from a discharge between two out-of-phase circuits.

Figure 1. “X” marks the spot, smack in the center of the Laramie Mountains.

First, however, let’s consider the geometry of a surface conductive discharge. Each discharge branches out in fractal, self similar dendrites, to absorb all the surface charge on the conductive object it’s attached to (Figure 2a) – in our case it’s the Earth. This is diffusion limited aggregation. Each filament of a discharge soaks up charge from a particular domain. The domain is a region surrounding the spark defined by it’s electromagnetic field, from which it sucks charge of one polarity and spits charge of the other polarity in reactive power surges. It does this because it’s not insulated current like we use in electrical systems.

Filament domains cover every square inch of solid land on the planet. We call them watersheds, because they serve to collect rain waters into river channels, but that’s a consequence, not a cause. The Earth once crawled with electrical discharges. This should be self evident in any theory of planetary formation. In consensus theories, planet and comet collisions would necessitate big sparks. In Electric Universe theory, sparks are already acknowledged. Why consensus science doesn’t look for evidence of electrical discharge is evidence they don’t ask the right questions.

What is interesting – the big Easter Egg I’m getting to – is that domains cross and the filaments interact. Giant sparks result. The interaction we’ll investigate created a landscape that can only be explained electrically. The statistical probability of consensus theories doing it is nigh impossible.

Domains don’t usually cross, because skin effects occur between domains that keep them segregated as if by a membrane (Figure 2b). But they can cross and interact if domains are out of balance. An over-voltage in one could make it aggressive and overcome another. Depending on phase disparities, this can be a gentle hand holding connection, or it can be an explosive punch. We will look at one of the explosive kinds.

The Laramie Range – Shot Through The Heart

The annotated image in Figure 3 shows the area of interest, circled in violet, including the Laramie Mountains surrounded by green and red circles. The Laramie’s are part of the Continental Divide as it cuts through south-eastern Wyoming. The circles denote the major streams flowing from the mountains. Green are streams flowing to the North Platte, and thence to the Missouri and ultimately the Mississippi Valley and the Gulf of Mexico. Red are streams that flow to a sink in the basin west of the mountain range. The sink forms the Seminoe and Pathfinder Reservoirs, also circled in red west of the mountains, and the North Platte River forms the Glendo Reservoir on the opposite side, circled in green.

The high basin drains around the mountains in two flows (yellow connections). North Platte runs near Casper Wyoming around the north of the mountains, and the Laramie flows from Medicine Bow to Fort Laramie through a pass to the south of the range. The overall structure is shaped like a heart, with the mountains filling the upper half, the basin filling the lower and the rivers acting as arteries and veins.

Figure 3. Laramie Mountains circuit domain forms a Heart.

“X” Marks the Spot

The distinctive yellow “X” in the center of the range in Figure 3, is a discharge pattern that occurred when the North Platte filament of the Mississippi discharge met a separate domain with a different phase. What you see is literally a natural phase diagram that records the phase angles of the discharge. The discharge took place because the Missouri circuit was an AC current that made connection to a ground current in the basin, and sparks shot between the circuits where their domains came together. The Laramie Mountains formed as a consequence.

The discharge adopted an “X” pattern where it made connection, with east-west branches vectored along the electric field denoted by the dotted red and green lines in Figure 3. The electric field is the dipolar alignment between the lakes. The lakes, or the depressions where these lakes are, were created in the same discharge event that met at the crux of the “X” and sent reactive discharges rotated at 90 degrees to the originating spark between the circuit domains. The discharge is much like the “resonant frequency discharges”, discussed in Chapter 8 and 9 of Eye of the Storm, which created the major 180 degree (or nearly so) branches of the Colorado (Figures 4).

The geometry is different, an “X” instead of a “T”, but that is because the “X” is a resonant discharge between two existing circuit domains, whereas the “T” is a result of a single circuit bifurcating.

The bifurcating discharge meets critical resistance due to a build-up of stray capacitance that resonates the circuit, increasing frequency and therefore resistance until the current is stopped, causing it to explode in reactive discharges 90 degrees to either side of the original current, as shown in Figures 4.

The “X” is produced by two out-of-phase circuit domains coming together. The Missouri circuit is an alternating current, whereas the basin circuit is a direct current-to-ground. The two circuits go in and out of phase with each other as the AC current alternates. This makes a connection, then a discharge. The discharge is totally in the reactive power mode, because the out-of-phase circuits are 180 degrees out-of-phase and that has the same effect as resonant discharge, raising resistance to infinity and forcing the current out sideways at 90 degrees.

The first case is like putting a finger over the nozzle of a hose and forcing water to spray out sideways, 90 degrees to the direction of the nozzle. The second case is like having two hoses aimed at each other, and where the streams impact, flow sprays out sideways. In one, the blocked water pressure changes flow direction and makes a “T”, and the other, two flows impact and the pressure changes flow direction to make an “X”.

The reactive discharge dissolves the voltage differential between circuits by expending their charge – the entire accumulated charge in the Missouri circuit, in this case – in an explosive “X” shaped spark.

It created what astrophysicists call “magnetic re-connection”. Astrophysicists don’t recognize electric circuitry in space because, in dark mode, current doesn’t emit radiation they can detect. Since they can’t see it, their reductionist minds can’t make the intuitive leap to circuitry, but they do detect the magnetic flux that results. They invented the term “magnetic reconnection” in lieu of an explanation, because they can’t fathom the simplicity of two out-of-phase circuits coming together to make a spark.

Figure 5 is a .gif of “magnetic re-connection”. The moving lines are magnetic field lines – the things astrophysicists think are re-connecting – but they are actually the magnetic field lines generated by current flow oriented along the dotted lines. Their model only recognizes magnetism, so the dotted lines are just separators of the magnetic field in their .gif. The big yellow arrows pointed inwards and outwards in different quadrants of the “X” are the vectors of electric current induced by the changing magnetic field.

In the Laramie’s, induced currents were expressed in the atmosphere by plasma winds. Plasma winds drew to the crux of the discharge at ground level in the top and bottom quadrants, and blew outwards at high level like an anvil cloud in the right-left quadrants. The winds lifted in a vertical updraft over the center of the “X”. But even more astounding is the effect that magnetic fields and reactive currents had shaping the entire basin and range structure. The landscape is a 3-D photograph of what happened.

Figure 5. Magnetic field lines in “magnetic reconnection” event.

To appreciate what took place, the three dimensional nature of the circuit domains needs to be recognized. Charge diffused across the ground, as well as through the ground and into the sky. Capacitance between the Earth and sky forced mirroring currents in the atmosphere, stirring a violent storm system. Think of it as a local squall line of thunderstorms raging over the mountains at the time they were formed and while the ground discharge took place. The central updraft over the “X” formed a huge mesocyclone, flanked by smaller thunderheads to either side. Most of the energy of the discharge went straight up, into the meso-cyclone, pulsing it with energy. The wind paths to be described are ground level winds, shaped by the electromagnetic field at the planet’s surface.

The combined effect of the discharge at ground level, it’s magnetic field and the resultant plasma winds are shown in Figure 6. The discharge makes the “X” pattern, shown in red. The magnetic field lines (blue) are as shown as in Figure 5 in the pattern of “magnetic reconnection”. The wind vectors are shown in yellow.

Figure 6. Laramie Mountains – discharge currents, magnetic flux and induced winds.
Figure 7. Wind cut valleys surround the discharge “X”, patterned by capacitance and magnetic induction.

Figure 7 shows how these winds patterned around the “X”. The winds in the NE and SE quadrants flow parallel. In the NE, they cross magnetic field lines perpendicularly, flowing straight to the crux of the discharge. These winds were narrow jet streams that cut valleys as shown in Figure 8.

Figure 8. Parallel wind cut valleys in the NE quadrant. Wind lifts into central updraft at upper end of valleys where it intersects the discharge.

Jet stream winds leave valleys like shown in Figure 8, with broad rounded, or “V’ cut bottoms carpeted with silt, but no inner gorge. They may have superficial, meandering stream erosion, but not a deep, straight, inner gorge. We’ll examine more wind cut valleys later, but first let’s distinguish between wind cut valleys and the discharge blasted canyons that form the “X”.

The path of a discharge leaves canyons rough cut, with a deep inner gorge like shown in Figure 9. This is the Platte River, or north-eastern arm of the “X”.

Figure 9. NE Quadrant (Platte River side) discharge canyon has deep inner gorge.

The sides of the discharge canyon indicate arc blast which exposed granite tetrahedrons. On one side the tips of tetrahedrons (leeward side) jut out, exposed and broken (Figure 10b), whereas the other side shows the flat faces of windward tetrahedrons (Figure 10a). This indicates the mountains were laid down by a cross-wind before the discharge occurred and blasted this canyon. So, the mountains resulted from an evolving storm system that changed it’s winds, surely due to this big spark. Note the cross-hatch patterns of shock diamonds in the canyon flanks.

Figure 11 shows NE quadrant wind-cut valleys between north and east arms of the “X” discharge. Note the many transverse striations of cuts and gorges and how they change orientation between arms of the discharge. Striations come from deposition layers shaped by shock waves transverse to winds, and secondary discharge filaments between circuit paths.

Winds drew into a central vortex at the crux of the discharge, drawing dust into a pile to form the mountain. Therefore each quadrant of the discharge displays shock waves oriented by the wind in that quadrant.

Secondary discharges are from short circuiting sparks between current paths, like sparks between live, bare wires that are too close together. There is one secondary discharge visible that makes it’s own “X” pattern, center right in the image. This is a mini discharge between the AC current in the big “X” and the static build-up of charge in the wind cut lane due to the plasma jet stream. It’s essentially an AC to DC connection that makes a perfect 90 degree reaction just like the big “X”. It’s even in the same orientation – repeating, self similar forms.

The Winds

Many readers will recall Michael Steinbacher. He theorized landscapes formed by electric winds that prevented deposition of dust raining from the sky. What I’m showing you is exactly what he was talking about.

Wind cut channels are sometimes narrow, straight and deep like the capacitive winds in figure 11, and sometimes they snake, divide and join following induction currents, cutting broad valleys with funnel shaped inflows, as shown in Figures 12 through 14. The (a) image is annotated with wind patterns and the (b) image is without markings for comparison.

Winds in the NE quadrant flowed parallel to the SE quadrant winds, and both cut perpendicular to magnetic field lines, but the NE winds shoot inside the loop of magnetic field lines to the apex, whereas the SE winds cut across the loop sideways.

In the NW quadrant, winds followed magnetic field lines, making a sharp bend at the crux of the “X” and staying inside the quadrant, but lifting as they made the turn.

The SW quadrant has a split personality. In one half winds flow straight at the crux of the “X” in direct opposition to wind from the NE quadrant. These winds met in a central updraft that lifted them vertical. In the other half of the quadrant, winds circulate, making an “S” shaped pattern that begins parallel to, and then crosses magnetic field lines perpendicularly.

Figure 12a
Figure 12b.

The reason for winds to flow either parallel to, or perpendicular to magnetic field lines is induction. Both moving magnetic fields and electric fields induce current. Reactive current is called capacitive when it follows electric fields. It is called inductive when it follows magnetic fields. Magnetic fields are perpendicular to electric fields in certain conditions. Since these mountains formed from circuits 180 degrees out-of-phase, things tend to line-up.

The Laramie circuit produced induction currents following both electric and magnetic fields. Winds in the NE quadrant were due to capacitive reactance, following the electric field. The NW quadrant winds were due to inductive reactance, aligned with magnetic field lines. The SW and SE quadrant winds were combinations of capacitive and inductive currents, but expressed in different geometries.

Reactive currents express either inductive, or capacitive behavior, or a mix in different parts of the circuit. Therefore it’s not surprising the southern quadrants have blended currents. What is surprising is how clear the pattern is etched, in spite of all the chaos and violence of this event. On display are electromagnetic forces that stirred the earth, like we would stir iron filings with a magnet.

Further away from the discharge, the southern quadrants mixed into a large tornado with two satellite whirlwinds that lifted wind in this quadrant into the mesocyclone storm (Figure 15). This tornado region sits just south of the “X” which marks the center of the mesocyclone’s central updraft. This position corresponds well with the formation of “wall clouds” that spawn tornadoes in typical thunderstorms.

Figure 15. Both southern quadrants display tornado footprints (violet) and shock waves (green). Blue are ground winds.

The Whirlwinds

Shock waves reverberated absolutely everywhere, creating nearly vertical oriented tetrahedrons layered like fish scales. Shock waves from winds sucking into the maelstrom left triangular wave-forms where separation bubbles formed beneath screaming jet-streams. They display direction of winds that confirms the wind paths described.

Where wind exceeds supersonic speed and is forced to change direction, shock waves form. They are like folds in the fabric of the wind, which is stiffened into laminar jet streams segregated by extreme pressure differentials.

Tornadoes draw ground winds from all directions, but in a supersonic tornado, there is an inlet zone where the majority of wind enters the rotation. They are drawn from ambient jet stream winds that the tornado forms tangent to. Figure 16 shows winds entering the whirlwind change direction from linear to rotation, forming a large shock wave tangent to the rotation, and parallel to the jet stream (note 1). This inflow shock wave is a distinct feature of tornado “footprints” if the winds involved were supersonic.

If the winds also rotated at supersonic speed, additional shock waves form tangent to the rotation at points of shear between the rotating winds and ambient winds (note 2).

Finally, tornadoes may form shock waves due to shearing interior to the rotation. where they curl inside the inlet zone (note 3).

Figure 16. Supersonic Tornado Shock Waves

The largest tornado in Figure 15 lies in the SE quadrant and produced Laramie Peak. It’s the highest point in the range at 10,260 ft, and sits next to a gouged-out valley that dips to 6,700 ft elevation. Both the valley and the peak are within the tornado’s rotation. Tornadoes form a cambered debris “bowl” where the winds scrape the ground. The debris is lifted away where the force of inlet winds carve at the land, and then are deposited on the opposite side of the rotation as the winds lift (Figure 17). Mt. Laramie is one such deposit.

Figure 17. Tornado mountain building.

Shock waves are evident where supersonic winds change direction. Examples in Figure 18a are tetrahedrons formed in the NE quadrant, where winds following the electric field lifted to create separation bubbles. They form tetrahedrons in linear rows conventionally known as monoclines, but they are, in fact, supersonic “sand dunes”. This is especially evident if you examine the breaks and inflections caused by constructive and destructive interference patterns.

Figure 18a shows tetrahedrons formed by jet stream winds rising to the mesocyclone in Area 1. A new set of tetrahedral dunes formed in Area 2, which deflected winds and starved Area 3, leaving a triangular interference zone that pinched out formation of tetrahedrons from the shock wave of Area 1. The gap between Areas 1 and 2 turned the wind and formed a tornado (Area 4) in it’s eddy.

Figure 18b shows these same features from another angle and how eddy currents form behind tetrahedrons in a low pressure zone beneath the rising winds. These are, in effect, destructive interference troughs behind the constructive peak of the wave pattern as winds undulated across the ground.

Figure 18a. Shock waves are green; wind direction, blue; destructive interference, orange; and tornado, violet.
Figure 18b. Shock waves green; wind direction, blue; wind eddies and tornado in violet.

Domain of the Heart

Stepping back to look at the entire heart-shaped circuit domain in Figure 19; blue lines trace the ground level jet stream winds, violet swirls indicate where tornadoes made definitive features on the ground, red “x”s are discharge patterns, and the green areas are where the thunderstorms down-drafted to the rear and rear flank of the storm (also Figure 20). The two lakes are where the circuits connected to ground deep in the Earth, leaving a distinct “V” shaped land form between them forming the base of the “heart”.

The top of the heart is an accumulation of positively charged matter swept there by winds in-flowing to meso-cyclone updrafts, and the bottom of the heart is a negatively charged basin swept clear by down-drafting winds. These are the anodic and cathodic sides of the domain, neatly separating the top and bottom of the heart. There are several other symmetries and heart analogies hidden there.

Figure 19. Laramie Mountains wind flow pattern. Blue lines are ground wind paths, Violet swirls are tornadoes, Green outlines storm downdrafts. Two other “X” shaped discharges are shown to the SE of central discharge.
Figure 20. This basin is the center of down-burst winds from the meso-cyclone. Note the massive erosion and deep, wind cut canyons.

This would have been a horrible place. The discharges blasted negative ions and free electrons away in arc blasts, while drawing positive ions inward. The velocities, temperatures and densities of the winds differed, their dielectric properties differed, their charge densities differed; and they segregated, with the positive inflow hugging the ground, accumulating dust that adhered to the statically charged land. The drag of the winds covered the land with blankets of dust, layered like fish scales, hardened by sonic pressure and electric currents that snapped and crackled everywhere.

The clouds roiled in whirling updrafts overhead. A squall-line of heavy thunderstorms formed in mirror image to the chaos on the ground, spitting lightning in carpet bomb fashion that would have made the clouds glow. Rain fell in torrents of mud and rock. Supersonic winds scoured the ground, in-flowing to biblical whirlwinds, and sonic shock waves reverberated in electrified sheets of plasma current; the entire atmosphere surrounding the storm patterned in the shock-diamond herringbone of flashing, ionized shock waves.

Lightning discharge blossomed like acne, leaving pinnacles, dikes, craters and domes in regions of high tension. Winds stirred around these discharges, disturbing the ambient winds into transient cyclones that left hardened dunes as monuments. And the winds reached supersonic speeds patterned by shock waves that embossed the land with triangular and polygonal wave-forms.

At the time they were made, with all the violent turbulence, heat and electric currents, the mountains likely resembled not so much hard granite, but puddles of hot jam, squished into form by wind and mashed by an electric fork.

Figure 21. Laramie Mountains.

Conclusions

This whole mountain range is direct and unequivocal evidence of electric formation. Conventional means of uplift, faulting and erosion requiring several eons of disconnected events could not, by any reasonably statistical probability produce phase diagrams 15 miles across the face of the earth with induced current paths shaped by magnetic field lines.

The features of these mountains are coherent only when recognized as the result of electrical circuits in the Earth. Each ridge line and canyon, every hill and dale, can be tied to a sequence of events that occurred at one particular phase in Earth’s evolution involving extreme electrical stress on the planet.

Conventional science can’t explain why any two of these features coexist, let alone demonstrate their disjointed theories empirically, or model them with any real plausibility on computers. But you can make discharge patterns like this with some wire and an AC power source. Or, as I have done, bring two out-of-phase plasma balls into contact.

I simply powered one plasma ball with AC current and one with DC, so it produced and in-phase/out-of-phase sequence as the AC side alternated. Between the two balls, the sparks joined and spread with each pulse, like hands clasping, then spreading fingers to push away as energy expended in reactive discharges, perpendicular to the in-phase current flow, just like the “X” patterns in the mountains.

The plasma interaction between the plasma balls didn’t occur at the glass barrier of the globes, as you might expect. It occurred inside the DC ball with the weaker voltage, pushed there by the higher voltage AC ball. Unfortunately, the experiment fried my plasma balls before I could film it. I don’t have the kind of high speed equipment needed to properly photograph it anyway. This image in Figure 21 however, does capture the effect, although I don’t know the circuitry of this set-up.

Figure 22. Tesla coil discharge (white filaments) makes connection with an electrode. Reactive power currents (violet flames) spread in a cone around the discharge.

Figure 21 shows a Tesla coil discharging to an electrode. White filaments of current direct connect to the electrode, while violet plasma flames of reactive power shoot outward in a cone around the discharge. The angle of the cone isn’t 90 degrees, but that is an artifact of this particular circuit and its phase angle.

The Laramie circuit resulted in a discharge along a dipolar alignment between circuit domains, with a capacitive reaction aimed clockwise 90 degrees from the dipolar alignment, and an inductive reaction 90 degrees counter-clockwise, forming a cross, because the domains were exactly 180 degrees out-of-phase.

So, you see the world is a more understandable place than you have been led to believe. To understand it we need to recognize the Earth contains holographic imagery of it’s past charge distributions. The information is there to learn vastly more than we know today about its creation. To get the info, we just need to ask the right questions.

Science, as it’s taught and practiced, does not ask the right questions. If anyone dares, they are silenced.

If you are unaware of how science deceives us, consider what belief in science means today. Undetectable matter, unaccountable energies, multiple dimensions, space-time-gravity, multiple universes and a Big Bang from absolutely nothing. It’s all a bunch of crap, and we can know this by looking – these things aren’t there and they don’t even make sense. Where are the extra dimensions?

Think of the confusion that results. The Earth hasn’t warmed in fifty years; but it will fry us in ten. Don’t use paper, it kills the trees – use plastic, it’s recyclable; don’t use plastic, it kills the fish – use paper, it’s renewable. Stop eating meat, or anything with a face; and kill the cows because they fart too much. Stop factory farms that feed millions because the chemicals harm us; organic farm so there is much less food at much higher prices that poor people can’t afford. Coffee is good for you; coffee is bad for you. Don’t sip energy from the Earth with tiny straws, it damages the environment; replace hydrocarbons with solar panels that require re-wiring the grid and giant open pit mines to extract silver, copper and rare earth minerals. Mask yourself, a virus is loose; wait, there are too many people on the planet.

Science, as it’s taught and practiced, produces the dumbest people because dogmas are reinforced by years of school and politics in lieu of critical thinking. Critical thinking requires more than following the mistakes of pompous academics who think they are gods. Understanding Nature isn’t something taught, it’s an awareness gained by knowing oneself, because we are part of Nature. Consciousness is Universal – the Alpha and Omega of all information – to reach it you must look inside your conscience. For all beings, that is our true connection to the Cosmos.

Thank you.

Confirmation Bias

The winds of Jupiter are arguably the most violent, enigmatic and visually exciting planetary feature in the Solar System. The eye of Jupiter – the Great Red Spot – stares at us through the centuries from it’s station in the lower hemisphere. Winds draw into, and around it in wild rivers and whirlwinds of variegated chemistry. The north pole swirls in multiple semi-steady state hurricanes. The entire planet is banded with counter-flowing winds.

Until recently, the highest wind speeds on Jupiter were clocked around 400 mph. A new study now indicates wind speeds as high as 900 mph.

According to “Meteorological Beast in our Solar System” published in SciTechDaily.com, the ultra-high speed winds were measured in Jupiter’s stratosphere. Mid-level winds that are, in Jupiter’s titanic atmospheric envelope, about 500 miles above the surface. This region is analogous to Earth’s stratosphere, where airliners fly, about five miles high. Previously, winds had only been measured in lower, slower cloud tops. The stratospheric winds were measured, in part, by tracing dispersed remnants of the molecular cloud left by the impact of comet Shoemaker-Levy.

Scientists speculate the fastest moving winds, which were measured at the poles, constitute a vortex structure over 500 miles high and the diameter of four Earths wide. That’s a big cyclone.

For the past couple of years I’ve written a series called “Eye of the Storm” in which I’ve demonstrated evidence for supersonic winds on Earth during it’s formative age. I’ve also discussed how lower level winds, ground winds in particular, reach supersonic speeds and I’ve shown evidence for it in shock wave impressions in Earth’s geology. I’ve also shown how the winds of Jupiter demonstrate fractal self-similarity with the primordial winds on Earth and how that is due to crustal circuitry.

I’ve also described, and shown evidence for similar giant cyclones, scaled to Earth’s dimensions, such as the the great meso-cyclone that shaped North America’s Great Basin.

I don’t know if I explicitly said Jupiter has supersonic winds, but that fact is certainly implicit in my theory. So, I’m chalking this up as confirmation. Fractal self similarity between Earth and Jupiter manifests in scalar dimensional features, but the speed at which weather fractals, and the winds in them move is governed by the rate of charge diffusion, which should be similar between the planets at a given state of electrical excitement, given the similar chemistry.

What the scientists have yet to discover are the exceedingly fast vertical winds. The Great Red Spot is a network of electric winds that wraps over and under itself, like crocheted yarn. Velocities are greatest at the inflections where winds go vertical. We see the same thing in thunderstorms, where the central updraft displays the fastest winds. They will discover this one day, and I will crow again.

It is important for us all to understand that Jupiter is a living-laboratory demonstrating Earth’s creation. If science would stop looking for carbon under the bed-sheets ( oh my, 400 ppm any day now), and take a hard look at Jupiter instead, we might actually learn something true about climate, weather, geology, Earth’s creation and mankind’s ancient past.

Of course that won’t happen.

Circuitry in the Earth’s crust couples with Earth’s electromagnetic field to cause weather. It’s really all one circuit and the earth and sky are elements of capacitance in the circuit. Jupiter and Earth are wired essentially the same way, so it’s not coincidence, but expectation to find the similarities. The planetary scientists really need to listen to the Electric Universe. Since Immanuel Velikovsky we’ve been right many times, while academia is always… well, let’s just say surprised. It seems the cosmos has a confirmation bias for the Electric Universe.

Special thanks to Jan Emming for sending me the article.

Cheers.

Eye of the Storm – Part 10

The Final Chapter

Eye of the Storm presents a case study for how electrical forces shaped the Colorado Plateau and its surroundings. In this tenth and final chapter, there are a few things to conclude, and review in summary.

What we’ve done in these chapters is reverse engineer the Earth, starting with outside layers and peeling inward, following the patterns of electrical scarring. We logically assume circuitry is the fundamental structure of the planet, since that is the very structure of life, energy and the cosmos in general. Abstract theories for cause and effect aren’t needed when the patterns of Nature are laid bare for us to see, repeating at every scale in every structure in the universe.

We merely need to recognize what makes the patterns. In the case of geology, it’s not just gravity, the mists of time, or coincidence. It’s the diffusion of charge in an environment of extreme electrical stress. Meaning, in the case of the Colorado Plateau, a huge potential difference between Earth and something else.

Charge diffusion means there is a circuit. Whether an element of charge finds a bond in atomic structure, or drifts in patterns formed by fields, it has to move. And that motion is subject to a myriad of emergent influences, but it is always patterned in the most fundamental way by the coherent influence of electric circuitry. Whether a chemical reaction, or a thermodynamic cycle, dissect it down to the quantum level and it’s all electromagnetic circuitry. 

And as a result, we can look at the planets and stars in the Solar System and see the same effects at play over and over.

If a planet has dead circuits, like Mercury, or the Moon; facing a high potential, it responds to static charge build-up on it’s surface with explosive discharges that leave it pockmarked with craters and rilles. The evidence is overwhelming, as anyone who reads Thunderbolts knows.

Then there are planets that used to be alive and are now dead, like Mars. Or those in the process of birth, or death, like Venus. And there’s a bunch of debris from planet formation and electrical interactions orbiting the sun.

But if a planet is ‘alive’ with an atmosphere and crust enveloped in a self-amplifying magnetosphere in sustained resonant feedback with the Solar System, it must have energy flowing through that crust and atmosphere, storing inside it, making it a spherical capacitor. Weather and geology is driven by this capacitance. That is pure logic and physics, once it’s recognized that Earth and the Solar System are circuits.

Correlations can be drawn because circuitry acts the same regardless of what planet it’s on, depending on type. Hence we can see Jupiter’s storms being motivated by circuitry, and correlate actions of turbulent wind with geologic patterns on Earth, and draw conclusions about the common cause. We don’t have to “theorize” – we just apply known science.

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What we’ve looked at so far:

Tetrahedrons

Mountain structures shaped by sonic shock waves provide the biggest evidence of all the Electric Earth ‘theories’ presented in the Eye of the Storm. If tetrahedrons and other features produced by shock waves in a wind tunnel precisely match what we see in geology, and if there is no other demonstrable process that can produce the same features, that is astonishing evidence that supersonic, plasma winds built mountains.

Konceto_and_Vichren

If supersonic plasma winds are acknowledged, then the planet’s voltage rise and other circumstances required to create them have to be acknowledged as well. And that brings all the other electrical processes described in Eye of the Storm into play, because they are inevitable consequences of charge diffusion under those circumstances.

baltorocathedral

Consensus science has decided tetrahedrons result from a combination of faulting, uplift, water erosion and huge spans of time. They have no empirical proof – no proof whatsoever – that water erosion can produce repeating, harmonic and nearly perfect geometric forms like these shown here, and many others presented in earlier chapters. Water erosion simply can’t be that consistent. The earth scientists merely have an unverified hypothesis they represent as fact-confirmed-by-consensus, and they ignore the patterns. Ignoring the obvious is scientific malpractice.

These forms are, without doubt, from sonic shock waves. Tetrahedrons are formed in the separation bubble of a reflected shock wave. It’s a region where a tetrahedral zone of low pressure forms. This low pressure zone attracts neutral and ionized dust like a vacuum cleaner equipped with an electrostatic precipitator.

The separation bubble is electrically, and pressure-polarized from the incoming plasma winds, causing static-electric attraction of ionic dust. There are also magnetic fields to attract ferrous materials in identifiable bands and sheets that conform to the shock patterns.

Layers

On an Electric Earth, the means and mechanisms are all there to form mountains: wind, water, dust and electrical bonding.

Wind, Water, Earth and Fire

Mountain features match shock-wave forms in excruciating detail far beyond the unambiguous tetrahedral shape of the separation bubble. There are harmonic frequencies, unstable wave forms, subsurface reflections, constructive and destructive interference and expansion fans found in geology – not once or twice coincidentally, but over and over again – all empirical proofs because the same features have been produced in supersonic wind tunnels for decades.

shockwave

That said, exploring mountains and researching the Electric Earth is like an Easter Egg hunt, with surprising evidence around every bend. Sometimes the evidence is so cool, so unexpected, and so hidden in plain sight, that it knocks even my socks off. So, in this final chapter of Eye of the Storm I’d like to share my three favorite Easter Eggs.

Sneeze of the Gods

dripverdant

This is a photo of the Dragoon Mountains in Southern Arizona. Historically, the Dragoons are famous for Cochise’s Stronghold, a maze of rocky defiles where Chiricahua Apache raiding parties eluded capture from United States soldiers during the Apache Wars. The Chiricahua Chief, Cochise was a recognized genius at guerrilla warfare, and used the Southern Arizona terrain strategically to stage raids and then vanish. He is supposedly buried somewhere in those rocks above the Stronghold.

If you look at these ragged pinnacles and sheets of rock stacked together like triangular dominoes, you might be tempted to agree with geologists and say; gee, it must have taken millions of years. But I can show you, it happened pretty quickly. The evidence is in this monolithic granite tetrahedron.

The tetrahedron has a drip on it. A drip, meaning the tetrahedron was deposited as a viscous mass, like candle wax, or hot fudge. The drips are highlighted in the next image.

drip12345drip999

Directly above the drips are pillow-like rocks capping the crown of the tetrahedron. The pillow-rock above the drip at far left is broken.

It’s not a volcanic lava flow. These rocks are granite and must bake under pressure, deep underground for immense time according to “science”. These fluid forms have been exposed to atmosphere since they were made, because you can’t have free flow under tons of overburden pressure.

It’s not that it’s unusual to see fluid shapes in granite boulders. Granite rocks show fluid puddling, settling and drop configurations all the time. Even drips, but they are always broken and hard to discern with a photo. But this one is huge and so obvious.

drip123drip4

Along the base of this drip, there is fluting where the falling, sheet-flow of fluid solidified in motion, like the mineral deposits from sheet-flow on cavern walls. Below the end of the drip are splatters and drops that fell free and landed on the rock face below.

drip611

A boulder with a runny nose makes no sense in consensus geology, so they ignore such a thing, or insist it’s not there. But it is, and it’s one minor confirmation of Electric Earth theory. It also presents loads of information about how it happened and the environment on Earth at the time.

The elongated pillow rocks are at the tip of the tetrahedron, therefore they constitute some of the last matter deposited into this separation bubble. This matter was deposited in a fluid state, and it cooled into a crystalline matrix of granite from the outside-in. Like candle wax, it formed a skin that retained heat inside, keeping the inside molten for longer. They are also at the top of the tetrahedron and stayed hot longest because they had the mass of the rock below them radiating through. It likely took years for this rock-mass to cool down. The pillows hang over the leeward side of the tetrahedron, so the wind was from behind pushing them over the edge, elongating their shape like water balloons.

The separations between rock is where shock waves, charged with current, evaporated material away or prevented it from depositing, leaving gaps. Shock waves in this environment were not only from the winds shearing and deflecting, but also explosive lightning strikes and reverberating thunder. They tend to electromagnetically align parallel and orthogonal, since the winds themselves were aligned with electric fields, and the shock waves carried current. The rock shrank as it cooled, creating the pillow shape.

The largest pillow-drop burst, leaving a broken pillow, and its contents spilled out in a stringy drip. In fact, the top of the broken pillow displays lightning scars that likely caused the pillow to break and drip it’s viscous guts before it completely solidified. Other pillars squeezed out their fluid like toothpaste.

drip101

I show this example because it illustrates the kind of confusing geologic detail Electric Earth theory can explain with ease, proving it’s not really confusing at all. It just takes breaking through the matrix of false paradigm and looking with fresh eyes.

It also gives a sense for the way matter was flying through the atmosphere. There was a fire-hose of hot silica in the plasma wind that formed the Dragoon Mountains. It formed like jello in a mold as ions recombined in the suction of separation bubbles.

To be clear, this mountain-building event occurred in Earth’s primordial past, near the end of a period when the continents were forming. There are mountains chock-full of fossilized dinosaurs and sea life in strata of this age, but no evidence of man. There were severe plasma storms in human history, but not filled with a fire hose of molten silica.

Ancient people did experience “coronal storms” due to some planetary conflict in the Solar System. Ancient myth is pretty clear about that. They must have been less powerful than what’s been described, yet still carried more punch than they do today. This next Easter Egg tells that story.

Handbag of the Gods

In Chapter 5 we looked at coronal storms. We looked at the San Rafael Swell and Capitol Reef, as well as Monument Valley and the San Juan River basin, as sets of dome and crater pairs produced in the eye of the great primordial storm that created the Colorado Plateau.

The weather that produced these domes and craters essentially consisted of a thunderstorm producing updraft winds, paired with a cyclone producing a downdraft at it’s core. Electrically, it formed a ring current between them, with it’s lower half being currents in the ground.

61iiJLxFnRL._SX425_

It’s upper half consisted of the meso-cyclone and cyclone connected by a jet-stream wind, from updraft to downdraft, forming an arch of condensate. This loop is what would be, under calmer circumstances, the thunderstorm anvil cloud, a layer of positive charge forming the top half of the mesocyclone. When mesocyclone and cyclone come together in a turbulent, intensely charged climate, the anvil is swept into a filament that feeds the downdraft of the cyclone. The cyclone and mesocyclone then becomes one circuit. This is how fractals “grow”. Circuits connect together and pairings become groupings and groupings become networks. That is what we see on Jupiter. The Great Red Spot is a network circuit of coronal storm loops.

We also looked at direct visual evidence of coronal loops on Jupiter, and they happen to be in almost the exact same pattern in the Great Red Spot as the dome and crater pairs on the Colorado Plateau, because the storm systems are fractals and driven by similar circuitry.

jupiter-red_00319181 (5)_LI

Also, like the ground current loops discussed in Chapter 9, these ring currents had DC input from lightning and plasma winds, and current junctions with ground, so they could act as Op Amps, using the DC currents to amplify the ring.

That realization was a pretty good egg. But it gets better.

The big Easter Egg was finding this type of storm system depicted in ancient art. In fact, it’s depicted on the oldest, most controversial and mysterious megalith ever discovered: the Vulture Stone at Gobekli Tepe.

Vulture-Stone-Gobekli-Tepe

The stone “T” pillar depicts arched clouds across the ‘sky’, or upper portion of the pillar. Yes, the mysterious “Handbag of the Gods”. And this is just my theory, of course … but the handbag depicts the box-like shape of mesocyclones seen at a distance, with the arch receding from center to behind, where it downdrafts into an unseen cyclone. A distant viewer would only see a squall line of thunderstorms surrounding the cyclone with, instead of an anvil cloud, the jet-stream to the cyclone arching away, just as it’s depicted.

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Note the odd figures above the clouds. I believe these represent the type of thunderstorm discharge we call sprites and gnomes. In a coronal storm, plasma discharges from the cloud tops would not be as rare as they are today. Not that they are all that rare today, but in this past environment, they would have been lit like Christmas.

Above and below the clouds is space patterned in triangles, cut across by a thin layer of rectangles. This represents the triangular pattern of rarefaction and compression in supersonic winds, the narrow layer being a faster jet-stream, or lenticular layer between conflicting winds with interference patterns making the box-like segregations.

falconmotor

The vulture, or thunder-bird is a stylized representation of the Peratt instability also known as “squatter man”, which in rock art is often depicted with a bird’s head. It would have presaged the storm, appearing in the sky as an aurora bringing the portent of doom to come. The legless birds also depict aurora that are fractal repetitions, at least in partial image, of the central plasma column.

squatman2

Below the birds, in the base of the “T”, are depictions of a wolf (the howling wind), a salamander (the tidal floods) and a scorpion (instead of a dragon, meaning ground-to-ground discharge). Arrow-headed snakes appear here and there, representing lightning, or currents. The “T” pillar itself represents Earth and Heavens; as above so below.

A popular theory about this stone is that it depicts a comet, or meteor strike. That’s because the bird is holding a ball. Go figure. I like my interpretation better.

Gobekli Tepe is dated earlier than 9,000 BC, or the time of the Younger Dryas. It’s also when Plato said Atlantis disappeared. And it correlates well, all things considered, with the time we recall as Noah’s flood, or Gilgamesh if you prefer.

Was this a shrine made by survivors? Or did it have utility in surviving the storms? They must have hid underground to survive, for even if they were in a region of calmer winds, radiation, lightning and fouled water would have surely killed them if they were unprotected. The implication is clear however, at Gobleki Tepe as in every ancient myth, there was an electrical storm the likes of which do not appear today, caused by some solar system event.

Thunderbolt of the Gods

Now the final Easter Egg. These handbags are depicted all over the world in ancient stonework. The earliest know depictions are in petroglyphs that can’t all be dated, but are believed to be from before 9,000 BC. The following is an example from Australia.

aPicture1

If you read this petroglyph right to left, like a storyboard, it first shows a small coronal storm cloud (right-most handbag) apparently forming. Next it’s a larger one above streamers rising from the ground. These would be plasma streamers, like what forms in a lightning connection, only visible in “glow mode”. Next the cloud forms something below, while something else rises to meet it. They look like hoops, or semi-circles. These would be plasma clouds reaching to meet, also visible in “glow mode”. Then there is some kind of squiggly figure, after which the clouds appear again. Never mind the kangaroo.

The squiggly figure is the plasma afterglow of a super-sized lightning bolt. What I believe this depicts is the cloud – the entire mesocyclone of a thunderstorm – collapsed in a “Z” pinch, then reforming.

That would be like a hydrogen bomb going off. But I’m pretty sure that’s what we’re seeing. I wonder if there isn’t a large crater a few miles in front of this rock. The entire colloquy is represented in stylized form in the Anunnaki figures in ancient Sumeria. The handbag, and the vine of “pomegranate” that looks like the Australian squiggly figure.

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annuberry2

They are often holding pine cones, which I think represent the supersonic winds thrusting forward at the head of the storm and the fractal pattern of rarefaction and compression they would display.

In fact the entire figure represents aspects of the storms, from the birds head of aurora discharge to the legs flat footed on the ground – one uncovered and billowing muscle, like the winding updraft to a meso-cyclone and the other covered, unable to be seen, like the returning airflow down a cyclone.

It’s as if the gods – the winged, anthropomorphized aurora that presaged the storm – are delivering the storm; presenting handbags of terror (storm) pine cones of destruction (winds) and massive thunderbolts (lightning). It even displays a sense of hierarchy between heavenly and earthly phenomena, as in the gods and demi-gods endemic to ancient religions.

I know people will disagree, because everyone has a theory about the “handbags”. Some think they are for a drug stash, as if the ancient gods munched pscilocybin all day. Others say they carried pollen, but who collects pollen, and why? It makes more sense these figures symbolically commemorate the most Earth shattering event know to man.

Whether you agree, or not, I want you to understand. The events I describe are in our history. They influence us today. We are just confused by liars and lazy thinkers in our midst, from academia, to media, to politics. Science to culture to power. Break the bonds of the brainwash they feed us and think for yourself. Do it and you will find answers.

Nature makes itself known. It’s up to us to raise our consciousness to its level. Once done, truth is self evident. At least this is my experience. I have no special talent, I’m just keenly aware of what’s around me and eternally curious as to how it got there. Ask the right questions and Nature shows the answer. I refer to this feedback circuit as God.

I present these conclusions for your consideration. I won’t deny other possible answers exist, and we need to consider everything. But there is a bit of urgency in the message I get from all of this, which I’m compelled to share.

Earth’s internal circuits are warming-up. Volcanic and seismic activity is increasing all along plate boundaries that define the sub-surface currents. Weather has become a bit strange. At the same time, the Sun is entering a minimum period of energy output.

Solar minimums have direct correlation with colder weather on Earth, but also higher seismic activity. The Earth has to respond to the change in Solar energy by releasing some of its stored energy in order to maintain its balance. A reduction in Solar wind means a reduction in energy induced by Earth’s magnetic field. With less input energy, internal currents wane and the magnetic field weakens and expands. But as the magnetic field expands it captures more solar wind, increasing induction.

global temperature graph

This tug of war plays out as Earth tries to keep pace with the Sun, but it oscillates Earth’s circuitry as currents ebb and flow, creating resistance and heat that has to release. This happens in the transient phase, shifting from maximum to minimum and vice versa. It’s the rate of change that matters. We may see a dramatic increase in the frequency of earthquakes, volcanoes and severe weather as we rise out of the minimum.

We are also experiencing a magnetic pole shift. The magnetic pole shift is related to changing crustal currents. How I don’t know (yet), but there is feedback between them, because there has to be. It’s predictable, it’s physics and it’s happening.

If there is one thing that should be evident from reading Eye of the Storm, it’s that Earth is an electric circuit driven by whatever is in its core. We don’t know what the “core” is. It’s not a spinning ball of iron. The surface effects we experience outside of the crust are driven from within as a result of how the core reacts with the solar system. The surface effects are a capacitive reaction to changing energy levels in the core, because Earth is a spherical capacitor.

Crustal boundaries surround the Indian Ocean, and above segments of these currents are some of the most active volcanic regions, including the Indonesian Islands and Madagascar. They are very active right now.

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These are likely the largest currents on Earth and the closest together, producing magnetic flux between them. There is already a large gyre in the ocean, deep off the coast of Madagascar circulating between these currents.

Does this mean there are catastrophic storms in our future? Damned if I know. Check what the ancients say. All I know is we better get off the dime and understand this Earth as it really is and stop listening to academics.

Thank you all for reading. Thank you for the gracious comments. These articles appear on my website, thedailyplasma.blog, as well as Thunderbolts.info. and can be accessed by anyone entirely free. As people wake-up to reality, please point them to this content.

Eye of the Storm – Part 9

Ground Currents

In the past few chapters of Eye of the Storm, we’ve looked at surface conductive discharge and the land forms it creates. Ground-to-ground, surface conductive discharges formed river channels, fractured the land with arc blast, built mountains, ripped them apart, and induced electric winds that competed in a global plasma storm on our ancient planet.

We’ve discussed how surface conductive discharges match the description of dragons in myth. How they must be discharges from an alternating current superimposed with a direct current bias that forces it’s path across Earth’s surface-electric field, blasting its way in fits and starts as resonant frequencies built and relaxed, bifurcating the current in reactive power surges.

The electric field is from a build-up of charge on continental surfaces due to capacitance in the continental plates. We’ve discussed how such discharges emanate from beneath Earth’s crust through a continental fringing field. Capacitance dictates there must also be a charge built on the opposite side of the plate which creates the potential difference.

This does not mean one side of the continental plate is all positive and one side negative. Ionization of native materials generates plasma, which by definition is a mixture of positive and negative charge. But plasma self organizes, producing regions of high intensity, positive or negative bias, surrounded by shells of weaker plasma. Coherent structures evolve as waves of energy pass through at varying frequencies, forming patterns of compression and rarefaction in the fashion that sonic vibrations produce cymatics.

acymatic

Potentials oscillate between regions of high intensity, sometimes spiking to extreme levels from harmonic feedback and constructive interference in the manner of circuits commonly referred to as RLC circuits in electronics. It’s the spikey surges that sends sparks flying. We’ll now discuss the underbelly of North America from where these sparks originated and what we can infer about its features.

In keeping with Eye of the Storm protocol, we’ll use Earth’s geology, the planet Jupiter, and the fractal self similarities of charge diffusion as our living laboratory for evidence.

It’s San Andreas’ Fault

As discussed in the previous chapters, river channels align with faults that are cracks in the Earth caused by the intense heat, pressure and charge depletion of an arc blast from surface conductive discharges. They are literally the dragon’s footprint. But not all dragon prints result in river channels. In some places, surface conductive discharges created faults that were later buried, or somehow isolated from a watershed, so no river resulted. The San Andreas Fault is one such beast.

It was created in the same discharge event that created the Colorado: a resonant frequency reactive discharge that sent a filament of induced current northwest, while the main line current of the Colorado filament turned 90 degrees east to the Colorado Plateau.

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This filament is the San Andreas fault system, extending from the Gulf of California along the western fringe of the continent to the Juan de Fuca Plate. The fault follows precisely a portion of continental plate boundaries surrounding the Pacific known as the “Ring of Fire”.

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What this means is the San Andreas fault is the result of a surface conductive, branch filament of the Colorado discharge, induced along the plate boundary. This branch formed a parallel circuit with the Colorado River branch, thus forming a parallel RLC circuit. The parallel RLC circuit has the characteristic ability to amplify frequency to the point of producing resonant frequency, reactive power discharges, which is what we see along the Colorado River. Not all dragons are parallel circuits, so the Colorado/San Andreas system has some exceptional features and may be unique, at least on Earth.

The fact that the San Andreas is a filament of current discharging along this path can be demonstrated by looking at a real life dragon in action. Of course, this means looking to Jupiter where a similar circuit is in action right now.

Capacitance forces a mirror response to sub-surface charge accumulation on the continental surface, and in the atmosphere. So the landscape and atmosphere reflect the ground currents. This image of a long oval storm system on Jupiter has been presented before, in Chapter 7, as an analog for the storm that created the San Joaquin Valley in California, and it’s ring of mountains including the Sierra Nevada range. The red line traces (approximately) the San Andreas fault analog that exists beneath Jupiter’s clouds in the same geometry. It rides next to long, thin, dark filaments making “French curves” in the clouds.

These dark filaments are where low-level winds dive beneath higher shelf clouds to feed the jet stream that follows the discharge creating the fault. Where it meets the branching Garloc fault it created a triangle of Venturi winds. Similar faults, or currents are embedded in the Sierra Range (not highlighted) where you can see dark filaments in the clouds).

afaults4

In other words, you are seeing a dragon from above, the jet-stream being a charged plasma wind generated by induction along the path of the ground current, which takes an identical path through the storm system that the San Andreas does due to the fractal symmetry of charge diffusion in similar circuits.

Two similar circuits will create similar patterns of charge diffusion. Never exact, but similar, like fingerprints and snowflakes. Both circuits create paths of current with capacitance and inductance that forms self similar diffusion patterns in the form of weather and discharge. The difference in size between Earth and Jupiter doesn’t matter. The processes are all scalable. And the difference in chemistry matters little, because the patterns are formed by charge diffusion which is regulated by the circuit. The circuit dictates the plasma behavior and arranges the chemistry to suit. One could say the circuit creates itself, like Escher’s hand that draws a hand that draws itself.

aescher

That’s a big insight, by the way. I hope you noticed.

As far as Jupiter is concerned, what this means is that there are crustal ground currents on Jupiter that form circuits geometrically similar to certain ground currents on Earth. We have zero direct evidence for what constitutes “ground” on Jupiter, but the evidence that ground currents are there is in the shape and actions of the clouds. Capacitance between ground and atmosphere dictates the presence of ground currents, producing self-similar storms in feedback with currents in the atmosphere.

Why Earth and Jupiter should have geometrically similar electrical circuits within their crusts may seem a ridiculous coincidence if you accept the consensus views on planetary formation. So don’t.

Planets are formed as drops and bubbles spit out of bigger planets, or stars. Drops and bubbles are fractal entities shaped by electrical bonding – surface tension, that is, or as I like to say – spherical capacitance. It should be no surprise that complex fractal bubbles will also have complex fractal surface features.

Fractals being fractal – self similar that is – and planets everywhere being drops and bubbles, they should all display similar features. But you will not see the similarities if you categorize and analyze them as solid or gaseous structures, or as thermodynamic or chemical entities, or as gravitational bodies caused by wiggly space-time. They only make sense if you analyze them as circuits. Then, it not only makes sense, it yields real, useful knowledge to see Earth and Jupiter with nearly exact fractal symmetries.

Ground Current Loops

The presence of the San Andreas Fault also betrays that the plate boundary hides a Telluric, or sub-surface current, formed by charge accumulation beneath the plate in the fringing field along the plate’s edge. We’ll now look at the evidence for this sub-surface current. We can’t see what’s beneath the crust, but we can make some assumptions based on surface features.

We know sub-surface currents must generate heat given resistance in the ground, so we can expect to find volcanoes and seismic activity concentrated along these currents. And so we do:

TectonicPlates

Charge collects within and beneath the continental plates because they present a sheet of dielectric matter to energy flowing in and out of the Earth. As charge collects beneath the plates it migrates and concentrates at the plate boundaries. The fringing field at the plate boundary is the reason. The transition from thick continental plate to thinner oceanic plate, or any cracks in the plate, creates a fringing field that provides better conduction for the pent-up charge beneath the plates to escape.

But the potential still has to be large enough to make a spark to close the gap across the fringing field. And in the meantime, the fringing field accumulates charge. Filaments of current are induced along the length of the fringing fields at the plate boundaries by Earth’s magnetic and electric fields, forming circuits. You should notice that the plate boundaries connect in continuous, looping circuits.

To illustrate, one of the better examples is the Caribbean Plate, or more precisely, the Caribbean Current Loop.

The Caribbean Loop

The Caribbean sea floor displays deep trenches aligned with island arcs, which run parallel to each other – even around bends. Volcanic island chains and oceanic trenches are magnetic expressions of a sub-surface current. Volcanic islands appear to one side of the current, and deep trenches appear on the other.

The sub-surface current does not produce trench and volcano chains directly. They are formed by eddy currents in the solenoid-like, coaxial magnetic field surrounding the current. Think of a subsurface Birkeland Current, with the added effect of iron in the ground magnifying the magnetic field and its eddy currents. The effect is described by Lenz’s Law, which is a special case of Faraday’s Law of Induction.

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Surface evidence of a ring current beneath the Caribbean Sea.

To induce eddy currents, according to Lenz’ Law the conductor itself had to be in motion across the Earth’s magnetic field, generating helical eddy currents in the coaxial magnetic field around the moving conductor.

Eddy currents generate heat due to resistance in the material where the currents form. Eddy currents form around the moving conductor, melting the surrounding rock and creating magma chambers. Lorentz Force, or the drag effect of a moving conductor through a magnetic field, which is a magnetic reaction in the opposing direction, pushes volcanoes up on one side and depresses the crust into the molten chamber on the other, creating a trench at the trailing edge of the moving conductor.

There is no actual conductor, like a copper wire, but it’s the movement of a filament of current, which is moving in reaction to electromagnetic forces, that burns and melts its way through the crust.

Given that islands are to the inside of the trench, the right hand rule indicates the Caribbean Loop Current ran counter-clockwise during formation of the Caribbean plate.

The movement of the current also dredged seafloor, piling it into non-volcanic islands along it’s path, aided by incomprehensible tsunamis. The violence of this event cannot be overstated.

Similar current loops can be found at the horn of South America and the Indonesian archipelago.

Samericahornindoloopphliploopbreakloop

Evidence the current moved is also displayed in the sinuous curvatures of the trench and island chains. Note the image, where the filament dragged south, it’s momentum amplified the eddy currents heating the crust to build the Cuban island chain along an “S” shaped curve, before locking it’s position in a straight line at Jamaica.

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One of the likely reasons current loops make these lateral moves is because the sides of the loop flow in opposite directions, and the magnetic polarity of the coaxial eddy currents are opposite and attract, narrowing the loop like a hangman’s noose. The magnetic field attraction eventually meets electric field repulsion from the opposing current vectors, which snaps the current into balance in parallel lines. The tip of the loop accumulates the highest charge density, so even though it’s the region that moves the least, its high potential burns neat little arcs of volcanoes.

indexfilsThe sinuous pattern shows how charge density spread in longitudinal waves through the moving filament as it met resistance. It’s similar to how tension and compression travels in waves through a steel spring. It forms a sine curve, with the greatest amount of volcanism, trenching and dredging at the inflections, where momentum changed greatest, amplifying the magnetic induction of eddy currents.  The deepest trenches show where the current came to rest, and momentum suddenly decelerated to zero, as an electromagnetic balance was achieved across the loop structure.

Lateral current movements of this type can be found all over the world. The momentum change in the current produces distinctive arcs of deep depressions and volcanic island chains in the oceans. On land, tell-tale lakes, mountains chains, rivers, volcanoes and maar craters align themselves in the same patterns.

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Where the Caribbean Loop joins the Ring of Fire, the juncture is called a “triple junction”. Triple junctions occur at the plate boundaries. For instance, the Rivera Triple Junction is where the Rivera Plate meets the Eastern Pacific Rise (EPR). Triple junctions are known hot spots for volcanic and seismic activity, and magnetic anomalies.

Since there are triple junctions along the North American plate, it begs the question: are there current loops connected to these junctions beneath the continental plate?

The North American Current Loop

Let’s examine North America. The Ring of Fire is the obvious path of a subsurface current because it forms a lineament of volcanoes from Alaska to Central America.

LineamentEPR

There are three other major lineaments in North America’s interior. Yellowstone super-volcano is one end of a curving lineament of volcanoes in a trend that forms a part of the Snake River Valley across southern Idaho.

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To the south is a string of volcanic fields called the Jemez Lineament. The Jemez Lineament extends diagonally from the Pinacate Volcanic field in Sonora, Mexico, northeast across Arizona, to the border between Colorado and New Mexico.

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It’s bisected by a northwest-to-southeast lineament of volcanoes that include the San Francisco Peaks and the Uinkaret volcanoes on the North Rim of Grand Canyon.

SFField Quaternary fields_LI

With all of these plotted together on one map, a pattern begins to emerge that implies there is a current loop beneath North America. Plotted, the Jemez and San Francisco Peak volcanic lineaments produce an almost perpendicular cross pattern, juxtaposed symmetrically across the Colorado Plateau from the volcanoes of the Yellowstone complex, and aligned with the Ring of Fire.

volcano_lines2_LI (4)

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The Jemez lineament aims directly to the Guadalupe micro-plate to the southwest, and to the arc of the Great Lakes to the Northeast.

The loop appears to circle the Great Lakes and points back to the Black Hills in South Dakota, which appears to be an inflection point. From there it points to the Juan de Fuca plate in a direct line through Yellowstone.

It has a similar shape and size to the Caribbean current loop, with the base of the loop wider than the tip.

Similar to the Caribbean Loop, there is a significant depression at the tip. In this case the Great Lakes, but they reside on the inside of the loop, whereas ocean trenches are outside of the Caribbean Loop.

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And where the Caribbean Loop has volcanic islands inside the curve of the loop, the North American Loop has maar craters (see “The Maars of Pinacate“), which is a type of volcanic action forming a series of circular lakes outside the arc of the Great Lakes.

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Maars are volcanoes created by steam and other gases exploding instead of spewing ash and lava. Smaller such expressions are known as karsts and breccia pipes. They are all forms of diatremes, and are often mined for uranium and precious metals, which the eruption leaves behind in the throat of the tube. The surface result is a crater instead of a cinder cone, and is typically filled with water.

The implication is that the loop current lies below aquifers that erupted in steam, creating the maars. And that the volcanic expression is to the outside of the loop, depressions to the inside, so current circulates north-to-south in this loop – opposite to the Caribbean Loop.

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The shape of the Great Lakes, especially Lake Superior, show the sinuous shape of ground current movement. It appears the loop narrowed, or swung to the south, until the southern leg aligned to the Jemez Lineament.

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The Yellowstone volcano lineament is a half circle, and also appears to be from ground current movement. In this case, the movement appears to be north from the Monterrey Micro-plate, to the Juan de Fuca triple junction. If so, this widened the base of the loop, with the pivot point of the shift at the Black Hills of South Dakota.

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If I’m not telling you anything new, then try this:

How the Earth Thinks

The electrical structure of these small loop currents, and the junctions with large polar loops like the Ring of Fire, forms a circuit called an Operational Amplifier, commonly called an Op-Amp. An Op-Amp is type of current loop, but there is one key ingredient to an Op Amp that makes it special, and that’s a direct current (DC) connection to the loop, which amplifies the gain of output to input current by as much as one hundred-thousand. It can then be manipulated with additional circuitry –  resistance, inductance and capacitance in various configurations – to perform all kinds of tricks.

1024px-Op-amp_symbol.svg

They can be made to oscillate, amplify, or invert. Op-Amps are at the heart of circuitry such as the old Hewlett-Packard calculator I used in college to perform complex math. Op-Amps did the adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing of my inputs, to give me outputs I needed to get a grade.

So, how does Nature insert this DC current into the loop? Lightning. Lightning strikes DC pulses into the ground. In the environment we’re exploring, lightning struck continuously. Long enough and powerful enough to draw supersonic winds and matter to build mountains, like the Black Hills of South Dakota, which is an inflection point in the loop.

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From that inflection point, the Yellowstone volcano aligns with lightning generated mountains of Sacajewea Peak and the Black Hills along the sub-surface current path.

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If the Op-Amp needs a shot of DC current, Nature organizes itself to provide by stirring a storm that spits lightning in the appropriate place, thereby fulfilling it’s fractal pattern requirements. Escher’s hands.

I won’t go into detail about how Op-Amps work. There are plenty of books about them. One attribute certain Op-Amps have I want to point out. Properly configured, the bridge between the triple junctions experiences a low, almost zero current relative to the current outside the junctions and in the loop. This corresponds to the “bridge” region of the Ring of Fire between the Mendocino Triple Junction and the Guadeloupe Micro-plate, where there are but a few sparsely spread volcanoes.

Compared to the Cascades and Olympics, or the profusion of large volcanoes in Mexico, only Mt. Shasta, Lassen, Mammoth and a few anemic lava flows fill out the bridge section. The relatively low density and magnitude of volcanoes is evidence that current was restricted along the bridge, just like an Op Amp.

Rupert Sheldrake, are you listening?

But the bigger take on all this, is that the Earth is a damn computer. There is no other conclusion to draw when there are op-amps all over the circuit, clicking and switching currents around. The Earth works as a coherent circuit. It’s a circuit within a bigger circuit centered on the Sun. And it has circuits within it, shaping the continents and weather.

There is no “butterfly effect”. A butterfly doesn’t stir 300 mph tornadoes. It’s one of the fallacies of modern science that leads to accepting abstract and frivolous ideas. There are fluctuations in signal strength Earth receives from the solar system. Earth is a ball of energy and matter, and when it gets extra energy it stores some in the matter. As Earth’s balance with the solar system oscillates, as it must, skin effects take place as Earth’s matter absorbs and releases energy. Those skin effects are geology and weather, and they are driven by capacitance as energy flows between Earth’s layers of matter.

Ionization and induced currents are the natural result. We have been looking at the physical evidence. There is nothing described in these chapters that is implausible, or unscientific. It is what is expected on a planet. It’s what physics predicts if the inquiry begins with the proper framework.

The next chapter will be the final one for the Eye of the Storm project. We’ll summarize and draw some final conclusions.

Thank you.

Eye of the Storm – Part 8

Dragon Rules

According to consensus science, ancient cultures across the planet – with no communication between them – independently and spontaneously invented dragons. Remarkably, they all invented the same physical description and modus operandi: a fire breathing serpent, origin in the sea, havoc across the land and crazy weather. Given the consistencies and global reach of this ancient archetype, a rational thinker might consider some significant global event is behind it, common to each culture. Yet the consensus relegates this to coincidence, or a spontaneous glitch in a collective consciousness their own science denies the existence of.

Truth is, ancient man was intimate with an environment more extreme than we have today, and understood it much better than we do. The ancients left us tales, artwork and structures that are more than just breadcrumbs. They are bold, articulate statements about the environment they lived in, and how different it was from ours.

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The features examined in this article are proof of the dragon’s passage, not random and coincidental anomalies. They appear predictably, as expected of the circuit.

Action and Reaction

Reactive power is a two way street. Energy is both released and absorbed as current alternates, spitting out and sucking back in. Chapter 7 showed the canyons and river channels arc-blasted by reactive power from resonant discharges. That was an example of reactive power spitting out. When it sucks back in, reactive power creates a mountain, not a canyon.

This is where things get really interesting. The resonant reactive discharge that blasted the river apart, creating a junction, also created mountains on reactive inflow vectors.

The inflow current is backwards relative to reactive outflow. Since there is a bias in the line current, the backwards direction of reactive inflow current produces a different vector sum than the outflow.

The inflow current depletes a region of electrons. This breaks the bonds in crystalline rock, tearing it apart, heating and dissolving it. Chemistry, magnetism and the Coulomb force compete to rearrange the landscape.

The depleted region forms a mountain as atomic bonds recombine, first forming a rock wall, called a dyke. The dyke forms where a filament of current begins to steal electrons from the surroundings, pulling material to the filament and pinching it, magnetically. After a discharge neutralizes the current, the material cools, recombines and solidifies into a wall of rock. Wind then piles dust onto the dyke, aided by rarefaction from shock waves and electrostatic attraction to the still depleted zone, building a mountain.

The effect can be seen in this image of the Will Henry and its tributaries where they branch from the Colorado. Adjacent to the capacitive discharge there are linear mountains (red lines) radiating away from the crux of the river branching. These are the reactive inflow currents, where charge depletion made a dyke on which a mountain formed from windblown dust. These are at angles that increase between the second and third bifurcations, from 40 to 50 degrees with respect to the outgoing inductive current, because these currents are flowing backwards with respect to the line current, and the positive bias in line current increases as reactive power is drawn away in successive discharges, which widens this angle.

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Linear mountain ranges radiate from the center of resonant reactive discharges.

Since there is an inductive, reactive inflow current, there must also be capacitive, reactive inflow currents. And indeed there are. In the first image, the linear mountains were inductive reactive inflow currents. The next image shows linear mountains aligned parallel with supply current just before these same junctions. The parallel mountains are the capacitive reactive inflow currents.

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Linear charge builds parallel to line current before a bifurcation.

Recall from Part 7, these junctions are caused by resonant frequency that acts like a stopper in the current flow, forcing it to squirt out sideways in reactive discharge. As the line current is slowed by the rising frequency, charge builds in the nose of the current channel, just like pressure builds behind a bottleneck. A far-field positive charge builds parallel and adjacent to the charge building in the line due to capacitance. This is known as “stray capacitance” in the electronics world, and is generally something designed out of a system because it creates unwanted harmonic feedback.

It’s parallel to the supply current because it’s actually making a capacitor at some distance defined by the magnetic field, which helps induce currents to build the capacitor’s charge. It’s to the right of the line current because of the “right-hand-rule”, which says the magnetic field is penetrating the ground at these places and saturating it with induced currents.

LMeadecap
Red lines highlight mountains that are a remnant of capacitive reactance, parallel to the line current at resonant discharge junctions.

These capacitors are filaments of positive charge that build-up before the line current explodes in reactive discharge. When the discharge occurs, the capacitive, reactive branch connects with the capacitor filaments and drains them, which has the effect of building a dyke, and hence a mountain, from a depleted charge zone.

Once the connection is made and the filaments drained, the capacitive, reactive discharge current is free to turn it’s vector east to align with the electric field. In all, there are nine resonant frequency bifurcations (marked in green on the accompanying image) along the Colorado and it’s primary tributaries, including Lake Powell, which is a staccato series of resonant discharges.

Each has the same crab-claw shape with accompanying inflow current generated mountains, inductive outflow currents that vector north, and capacitive outflow currents that vector east, parallel to the line current, which is aligned to the electric field.

aaacolo2halleffect

You may also note some of these bifurcations are where dams are built, including Hoover, Parker and Glen Canyon. It’s no coincidence that the bottleneck of a resonant, reactive discharge creates a bottleneck canyon with an arc-blasted basin behind, perfectly suitable for damming. The rocky choke-point is a result of induced reactive inflow currents aimed at the crux of the resonant discharge.

aahoover+dam
Hoover Dam is placed in a tortured, rocky choke-point on the Colorado River.

The next image shows line current and outflow reactance in blue and inflow reactance in red for the major resonant discharge bifurcations along the southern portion of the Colorado and Gila.

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Red lines highlight inductive and capacitive inflow current reactions at each resonant discharge..

In some conditions, mesas are created by reactive inflow instead of mountains. This occurs when the de-saturated zones left by inflow currents leave mesa’s behind as landscape around is sputtered away. In the next image of Lake Powell, there are inductive absorption currents 180 degrees opposed to the inductive, reactive power discharges. See Sputtering Canyons – Part 1, 2 and 3 for some background on sputtering. Note the fine tendrils running parallel around and between the highlighted mesas. These  canyons are scars from tendrils of charge that shot through this area, electrifying an aquifer, or wet layer of deposits and causing the land to sputter away from that layer, leaving already de-saturated areas behind.

aaaapowelantiinduction

Another example of this is at the Green River branching.  South of the junction is an arcing network of filamented canyons and mesas parallel to incoming line current, just before the bifurcation. This is another area where capacitive, reactive charge built parallel to line current prior to the resonant discharge bifurcation.

Charge built in the ground and then was drawn away by three large short-circuiting filaments (three canyons perpendicular to the river at top center in the image) that shoot from the line current orthogonally through the arc, zig-zagging to touch each filament. This left depleted ground where the linear mesas are, while the canyons were excavated by sputtering.

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Two things can be said about these reactive discharges:

One, the current of electrons and negative ions in the discharge – the “dragon’s blood”, so to speak – is a destructive force that excavates the land in explosive arc-blast events. The reactive inflow currents, however, are constructive and build mountains and mesas. One is the inverse of the other. It’s interesting to see how complex number math actually displays itself in Nature.

Second, the reactive inflow currents are slow and cold. They diffuse through the land, changing the chemistry and reforming rock over some time, not at the lightning pace of a spark.

Take another look at the Google Earth image where the resonant discharges are highlighted in green. There are other features marked with yellow triangles and red circles. Let’s take a look at those.

aaacolo2halleffect

Wye Junctions

Refer to the yellow triangles on the image. Not all junctions occur as a result of resonant frequency. Some junctions occur as a result of sudden grounding. As the main line current climbs the plateau, it’s encountering hot, dry deposits of sand over sheets of water. Aquifers are layered below, left from past tsunami’s, rain, or ancient lakes.

The grounding of the discharge happens when the supply line current induces parallel current in the aquifer and they connect, likely at a spring or other feature that provides continuity between the surface and the aquifer. The sudden grounding creates a new current vector.

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Colorado/San Juan Bifurcation
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Colorado/Green Bifurcation.

As supply line current encounters a conductive path to the ground potential in the aquifer, the supply line voltage is affected. The supply line voltage vector remains straight, and a new line-to-ground voltage vector branches away. It basically creates a kink in the electric field expressed in two dimensions on the plane of the Earth’s surface, but it really results from an interference pattern in the three dimensional, multi-phase electro-magnetic field.

A line-to-ground current splits away with this voltage, which is clocked 30 degrees counterclockwise to line voltage in a balanced 3-phase circuit. In a balanced 3-phase circuit, the currents would form a star pattern with 120 degrees between each arm forming what is called a “grounded Wye connection”.

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A 3-phase Wye grounded transformer connection produces 30 degree counter-clockwise voltage phase shift.

DC bias and a very dirty signal to the current closes the current angle down to the 40 and 60 degree angles seen at the Green and San Juan junctions. The vectors represent Nature finding it’s own balance.

Another clue to its formation is the fact supply line current vector remains straight while the tributary forks away counter-clockwise, but there is no opposing capacitive, reactive discharge evident radiating from the center of the branch, nor is there evidence of reactive inflow currents. These junctions are not due to resonant frequency and reactive power, but to an instability in the electric field created by a sudden grounding.

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San Juan Junction.
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Green River Junction.

The effect is to bifurcate the dragon. It takes energy from the ground connection to clone itself, and the clone takes a new current vector.

Wye connections are used for various reasons in high voltage transmission, one being to join three-phased circuits with ground. Grounding the connection allows certain harmonic frequencies, called third-order harmonics, to bleed away without interfering and unbalancing the primary phases. In particular, lightning surges will pass to ground without surging the primary circuits.

Navajo mountain sits next to the San Juan Junction. It is a fulgurite created by negative cloud-to-ground lightning. It looks very suspicious sitting next to the bifurction, but it’s not apparent yet if it had a role in creating the bifurcation, or if it was a consequence. There are striations between the river and the mountain, running parallel to the river’s course, indicating capacitive stresses in this region.

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Navajo Mountain

A Dragon Runs Through It

One thing that’s quite obvious in the canyon-lands of Utah, at the heart of the charged capacitor dome, is that the rivers meander wildly, yet they keep true to trajectories along the electric field.

Oscillations in current phase and magnetic fields cause the filaments to wobble and curly-cue. When the branches are in-phase they try to close together on a common, transient current vector, but then push apart when out-of-phase and return to the original line current vector.

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In the image below are highlighted areas of extreme current bending and inductive discharges that flare from the bends in flame-like patterns, creating fractal chaos between and around the Green and Colorado Rivers near the junction.

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Fractal Chaos between the Green and Colorado.

Magnetic fields pulsate and wrestling the currents back-and-forth and create ring currents like the amazing Upheaval Dome – a ring current stuck in it’s own magnetic field which created an induction coil. The induction coil generated a tightly wound, supersonic, plasma tornado.

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Upheaval Dome, Utah

The center of the ring current is a clump of sharply pointed tetrahedrons aimed skyward from shock waves where the coil’s induction drew the central, supersonic updraft.

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Triangular buttressed central peak, Upheaval Dome.

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The surrounding rim-rock on the right side of the dome is cut by parallel, triangular bites, adjacent to scalloped walls on the opposing side of the canyon wall farther to the right. This displays the channels of a multiple vortex wind where the tornado’s inflow bent into the central updraft of the induction coil. The triangular bites are from standing shock waves where the wind turned into the updraft of the coil. The scallops display the eddy of multiple vortex jet-streams as they make this turn.

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Shock waves and vortex winds sculpted the dome’s cap-rock.

The Hall Effect

Returning to the annotated image of the Colorado system, there are two red ovals indicated. The ovals indicate massive downdraft craters caused by the two main coronal loops on the Colorado Plateau – the San Rafael/Capitol Reef dome and crater complex, and the Monument Valley/San Juan dome and crater complex.

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San Juan River at the Eye of the Storm.

Recall from Eye of the Storm – Part 3, these dome and crater pairs were caused by coronal storms which left immense tetrahedral monoclines where the wind deflected abruptly, creating shock waves. The wind’s deflection was due to the magnetic field pinching around the updrafts and downdrafts.

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San Rafael Reef

The same magnetic field also redirected the ground-to-ground line currents – the dragons blood, so to speak – due to the Hall Effect. The Hall Effect basically says a magnetic field will ether push, or pull a current’s direction depending on polarity. You can see the effect in these diagrams, where an electric current, shown in blue, is either pushed away, or attracted to a magnet in close proximity.

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Hall Effect – a magnet pushes and pulls a current.

Because these regions of high electric flux generated strong magnetic fields around them, especially at the interface of ground and sky, it pushed the arc around negative craters, and drew it through positive domes. You can see the San Juan River bend around the downdraft crater, circled in red, and shoot through the center of the updraft dome, shown in green.

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San Juan strikes through dome (Monument Valley) green, and circles downdraft crater, red.

Similarly, the San Rafael updraft dome has tributaries of the Green River shooting through its center, and the downdraft crater is avoided by the arc of Green River and its tributaries.

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Another example of the Hall Effect is displayed in these images of the famous “Gila Bend” in the Gila River. Note how the river bends south and then returns to it’s original trajectory, as if it’s detouring around an obstacle. It actually is. The current is detouring around the Sentinal-Arlington Volcanic Field, the magnetic field of which pushes the current around due to the Hall Effect.

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A similar effect happens in the Grand Canyon, but in this case the river detours to the south twice below the Uinkaret Volcanic Field. There is a distinct, straight segment between the two detours.

The bar in the center is possibly a function of the frequency of the alternating current and the discharge velocity as it advances. In other words the current is pushed away from the volcano while in opposing phase, and pulled back towards the volcano as phase rotates, then pushed away again as phase completes a rotation.

Or it could be an artifact of the way the circuit connects with the volcano subsurface, where it can’t be seen, producing an effect similar to the diagram.

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“X” Marks the Spot

The final feature to examine is related to the resonant discharge we discussed in the beginning of this chapter, only this type of discharge occurs in the middle of the line current. In other words, the resonant discharges we previously discussed were at the head of the dragon, as it searched it’s way along the electric field. These reactive discharges shot out of the body of the dragon, due to pulsations in the flow of current.

The “dragon”, at this point is a thousand miles long. The longest recorded lightning strike is only two hundred miles in length. So this is very big lightning. As discharges occur, pulses of energy and bollides of densely charged matter shoot up and down the line current.

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When two waves of charge density collide, they interfere, causing a momentary spike in energy similar to a rogue wave, or the pressure waves in water pipes that cause hammer and cavitation. A reactive discharge results creating box canyons to either side, rotated roughly ninety degrees to the line current and forming a “cross”. The reactive discharges are always a proper 180 degrees opposed, and occasionally one of the tendrils will continue to be induced, generally north to form a longer canyon. The Grand Canyon especially exhibits these types of reactive discharge.

Part 9 will complete the description of the Parallel RLC circuit that created the Colorado River, and then describe circuits beneath the crust from which the dragon emerged.

Thank you.

Eye of the Storm – Part 7

And Then Came Dragons

Dragons are real, folks. This chapter may be hard to get your head around, because we’ve been taught dragons are myth. But they are not figments of imagination; they come from the laws of physics. They also come from the bowels of the Earth.

You see, rivers flow where dragons once crawled. As told in countless tales, they are said to come from the sea, and the underworld labyrinths. There are so many examples I don’t think I need to quote more than one – but I’ll save that for later. Go discover for yourself. After this article you will recognize the physics of dragons in the stories of myth. Our ancestors were doing their best to warn us. And yes, dragons are still around. They are just sleeping.

This is a concept some may struggle with, even in the EU, because so much of our theories focus on celestial chaos and the electrical havoc wrought by planets in close proximity. We imagine sparks flying, drilling craters into the surface of planets and moons. And there is overwhelming evidence of that, but that is what happens to rocky planets without an active magnetosphere.

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Mars, Mercury and many pock-marked moons display significant magnetism, but it is mostly remanent, a static artifact of the past electrical activity that scarred them with craters. Planets with dynamic magneto-spheres, atmospheres and weather like Earth and the gas giants, and even some of the moons, have internal electric circuitry.

Stars and planets are circuits. Three dimensional, standing waves of current and magnetism living in the winds of their parent stars and galaxies. They are a product of inductance and capacitance, potentials and currents, and the magnetic fields current generates. The matter trapped in these 3-D whirlwinds – gas, liquids and dust, and yes that includes us, is 100% organized by the circuitry.

Predictive Science, Inc

Circuits are cyclic processes. They produce resonant frequencies where signals are amplified and dampened in patterns of constructive and destructive interference. The atmosphere and crust of the planet are essential parts of the circuitry because they provide capacitance – energy storage and regulated energy flow. What follows comes from simply understanding that the circuit flows inside the planet as well as in the atmosphere, plasma-sphere and magnetosphere, but it is all one circuit, and that is why “things” are so interconnected.

There are feedback loops, oscillations, and high-order harmonic responses that bring order out of chaos, concentrating energy into identifiable, coherent forms. The forms appear all over the place in geology and weather due to the role capacitance plays in the circuit.

In the situation that Earth’s potential is raised (or lowered) in response to some significant celestial event, the crust of the Earth can become saturated with charge. And based on applied science, the most violent discharges in a circuit can be expected through the capacitor. That is because a capacitor builds charge, and a voltage across it that is the maximum of the circuit. And when a capacitor blows, it’s the biggest bang of them all. Hence, we have dragons.

A dragon is a type of discharge event from inside the Earth. It’s a short circuit around the continental plates generated by ground currents beneath the plate boundaries. The discharge is reaching for the other side of the plate – the top of the continental ‘mound’ that is forming around the ‘eye of the storm’, where it’s raining rock, dust and water in a positive ionic mix relative to the current beneath the continental shelf.

Once again, rinse and repeat, this is due to Capacitance. In Nature, capacitors aren’t insulated the way we make capacitors. When we make capacitors for electric circuits, we want their actions to be predictable. The last thing we want is a short circuit. So we insulate the edges of capacitor plates to prevent short circuits from plate-to-plate around the dielectric medium.

Nature doesn’t do this. In fact, Nature builds a continental plate as a big dielectric that is thicker in the middle and thinnest at the edge, sandwiched between a deep ground charge and an opposing surface charge.

The edge effect at the periphery of a capacitor plate is called the fringing field. Think of it as a leakage of charge around the edges. It makes it the most likely place to have a discharge. And if current leakage occurs, it will make it’s way directly to the opposite plate and short circuit the capacitor. Man-made capacitors are insulated around the edges specifically to prevent short circuits in the fringing field.

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The continental plates aren’t insulated. In fact, the Earth’s crust at the continental boundary – the sea floor – is much thinner, and it lies over the ground current paths. Telluric currents beneath the crust are rivers of current that create the plate boundaries and their magnetic fields create high stress. So the continental plates are structured not to mitigate the fringing effect, but to encourage short circuits – like a relief valve for the energy building below. Dragons are short circuit discharges from the fringing field of the continental plates, discharging through magnetically stressed regions of the sea floor – fracture zones and volcanoes.

There you go. That is what a dragon is. No “magic puff”, but a ground-to-ground lightning discharge. Energy building beneath the crust tries to release through volcanoes, belching hot molten matter, heat, lightning and clouds of ash. But every lava flow adds layers of matter to to the capacitor plate. The plate gets wider and thicker, and is dancing with surface charge from falling ash, rock, rain, and cooling lava. It’s chemical soup.

Every charged cloud of ash and water vapor forms another chemical soup rising to a stratosphere already charged with plasma. The reaction is plasma storms, of higher ion content than today’s little chubascoes. These storms build surface charge beneath them, on a surface already dancing with energy released from the cooling lava.

And so it goes, charge keeps building across the plate until it short circuits in the fringing field. Essentially the same thing happens in a cloud-to-cloud discharge, where the lightning streaks across the surface of the clouds rather than jumping to ground.

Just think about it, the electric field of the storm is between the ground and clouds. It’s a potential of hundreds of MV, yet much more lightning goes sideways from cloud-to-cloud than from cloud-to-ground.

There is a local voltage difference between clouds that is stronger than the ‘prevailing’ electric field of the storm between cloud and ground. Of course, it’s all one field, but the direction of it’s potential shifts. The field becomes stronger between clouds due to phasing. As clouds discharge lightning, they discharge energy and then rebuild it from the in-flowing winds. This sets up cycles with hysteresis, and two parts of a cloud, or two storm cells get out-of-phase with each other, which creates a huge potential.

The arc closes this voltage gap. The path the arc takes predominately follows a surface conductive path at the cloud’s edge, where the condensate boundary forms a layer of charged particles where droplets form.

The same thing happens in ground-to-ground discharge. The subsurface and surface potential difference is oscillating. This especially occurs if the normal path of conductance is blocked, as volcanoes evolve gas chambers of vapor that choke current flow. These oscillations can spike voltage between sub-surface and surface – amplifying ground-to-ground potential, and draw short circuiting arcs from one side of the continental plate to the other, just like any capacitor would if you stripped the insulation from it’s edges.

How can we know this is true? Because charge diffusion and discharge takes fractal form, and we can identify fractal forms and understand what patterns them – electricity and magnetism.

There is no question rivers take fractal form. Perhaps not every stream of water, because you’ll notice if you pour water downhill, it generally flows straight down whenever it can, and rarely produces a lightning-bolt shaped fractal unless you place rocks strategically in the path of the water the way hydrologists do.

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Various man-made mountains fail to show water do anything but obey gravity.

Examine a man-made mountain where natural water erosion is allowed to occur, like the mine-tailings pictured. The water erodes straight channels. But natural rivers, like the Amazon, the Congo and the Colorado River take on the same class of fractal form, called Lichtenberg figures, after Georg Christoph Lichtenberg who first studied them. It is the form that arcing electric discharge takes during dielectric breakdown. Dielectric breakdown is another way of saying “short circuit” in a capacitor.

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Dielectric breakdown occurs as current paths form in continuously branching, self similar filaments in a process called Diffusion Limited Aggregation (DLA). Brownian motion in a diffusing plasma results in a random walk, where charged particles cluster and grow in dendrite trees, called Brownian Trees. And rivers, in fine and large structure, from head-water to delta, consistently match the variety of branching dendrite forms seen with electric arcs, branching, in multiple self-similar repetitions.

The process is self-similar over time scales as well as dimensions. A dielectric breakdown may occur over years, or nano-seconds and produce the same dendrite form. Lightning bolts occur in seconds, flashing several times through a channel created by a cascade of electrons reaching for positive ion tendrils growing from the ground. But filaments of discharge in a high voltage insulator grow over months in the manner a crystal grows.

The dendrites expand from a point in ever smaller self-similarities, spread out in ever greater area, or volume over time. They grow in pulses, lightning bolt flashes, as energy pumps into the filament again and again. Until it breaks-through, and establishes continuous current flow, charge advances by combining with, and drawing electrons from it’s surroundings, which alters the surroundings thermally and chemically, creating channels. Each new pulse follows the channels, wave-guided to the old paths, and extending them forward in self-similar steps until it breaks through.

So a dragon may repeat it’s route, over and over again, in pulses that may be separated by moments, or millennia.

It’s the Dragon’s Fault

In these select images of the Colorado River, note how much the river follows long straight line segments. Most people are led to believe that rivers are the result of water simply flowing downhill to the ocean, following the path of least resistance. But it is “accepted” scientific consensus that rivers follow faults, and these straight line segments are the visual evidence of it. So water doesn’t “just go downhill”, it follows faults. The obvious question is what causes faults?

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Several examples of the Colorado and it’s tributaries following long straight-line segments along fault lines.

Faults are the dragon’s footprint. Faults are the path of a ground-to-ground discharge. The solid bedrock below is the fused earth from it’s heat, shock-pressure, diffusing charge and magnetic field. It’s faults, valleys and canyons are what I call the “arc-blasted” zone. ‘Arc blast’ is a term from applied science, whereas ‘dragon’ sounds a bit whimsical. But they are one and the same.

The path of the water flow meanders, but the channel it travels in defines the fault line. Water flows flood and recede, build sandbars, islands and can change course within the channel.

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Note the sharp edged canyon rim on the right indicates faulting, whereas the river meanders.

A magnetic footprint accompanies the dragon – as countless magnetic dipole measurements surveyed on rivers around the world attest. River channels have a magnetic signature transverse to the direction of the channel, which is what one should expect from a lightning arc. Shores blackened with magnetite is another testament to a past event when electric current flowed in that channel, wrapped in a magnetic sheath.

It’s path is the jagged step-leader shape of a lightning bolt, jumping in straight lines and arcs from point to point, like connecting dots. The path often splits to form tributaries. The angle between the channels provides hints of their cause.

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AC/DC – Dragons Go Both Ways

There are several junctions and other features along the Colorado and its tributaries highlighted in the next image. We’re going to explain each feature.

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But first, some explanation of what kind of current flows in the Earth. It’s alternating current and direct current both. Alternating current is super-positioned on a direct current carrier wave. Voltage difference is relative, with no absolute positive or negative. This is true of the mineral water, plasma and solid state matter that conducts electricity throughout the system, too.

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It’s important to understand because Nature doesn’t work with the kind of tidy insulated circuitry and constant voltage, battery operated predictability that your cell-phone uses. AC circuits oscillate in voltage, current and impedance as the frequency changes. Everything is dynamic, with feedback and noise adding complexity. But Nature manages to make order from the chaos. The reason is resonance. The beauty of Nature is that it allows malleability in it’s shape to find the path of least resistance and therefore balance itself out, like water filling a lake. When balance is reached there is resonance.

Dragon Rules

Dragons have rules. They have to play their part in the circuit. And the type of circuit they are part of is what defines the rules. The type of circuit the Colorado River follows is called an RLC circuit.

An RLC circuit combines the fundamental elements of resistor (R), inductor (L) and capacitor (C) connected across a voltage supply. Nature has to comply with physics, so logic leads to choosing an RLC circuit model since Nature has all three fundamental elements in it’s makeup. There are parallel and series RLC circuits, and hybrid combinations of those. In the case of the dragon that carved the Colorado River, a parallel circuit is required. The full explanation for why that is will take us into another chapter in Eye of the Storm, but we’ll start with discussing the geometry of junctions.

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Parallel RLC Circuit

The image highlights nine junctions in green where the Colorado joins it’s major tributaries. You’ll note they all have a distinctive shape.

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Highlighted symbols mark “T” shaped junctions on the Colorado and its tributaries.

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The Colorado – Gila River Junction.

Power in an RLC is not consumed by line resistance alone, but impedance, which has reactive, vector components. The inductor and capacitor elements of the circuit have reactance, which opposes current flow like a resistor, but occurs 90 degrees out of phase with resistance. Inductive current (IL) is at a vector rotated 90 degrees counter-clockwise to the supply line current (IR). Capacitive current (IC) is at a 90 degree rotation clockwise to the line current. The resultant current is not the arithmetic sum of currents, but the vector sum, which produces current at a resultant angle from the original line current.

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Yes, I made a mistake. Capacitive current is rotated clockwise from the source current.

In a parallel RLC circuit, the voltage across each element remains the same and current gets divided. Current shifts vector in a parallel RLC circuit, which is what we see: the river channel splits in two directions, at, or near 180 degrees apart. Keep in mind, rivers flow downhill, but the dragon travels upstream, so a junction is a bifurcation, not a confluence.

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Lake Roosevelt on the Salt River, a Gila tributary in Arizona.

This indicates the current bifurcated because line current went to zero, while capacitive and inductive currents – the reactive currents – initiated current flow along the new vectors. The new vectors are 180 degrees opposed to each other, with the inductive current angled 90 degrees counter-clockwise from the supply line current, and the capacitive current at 90 degrees clockwise from the supply line current, creating a junction shaped like a “T”. This is precisely what happens when a parallel RLC circuit achieves resonant frequency.

Supply line resistance goes up with frequency. As resistance goes up, line current is restricted and reactive current increases. You can visualize reactive current as leakage from a perforated pipe, where more and more fluid (current) escapes through the perforations, shooting out perpendicular to the direction of supply flow if pressure is allowed to build (resistance) inside the pipe.

Resonant frequency causes line resistance to go to infinity. Well, it doesn’t actually go to infinity, but it goes just as high as it needs to stop the line current. When line current goes to zero, reactive current shoots out, like fluid under pressure, perpendicular to the conductor. This is because of Kirchhoff’s Current Law that says the sum of all currents entering a junction is equal to the sum of all currents leaving that junction. Therefore, when resonant frequency is reached, line current cannot overcome resistance and goes to zero. All the current then shoots out as reactive current at vectors 90 degrees from the line current. That is what causes the river to bifurcate in a “T” shape.

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Lake Meade results from two successive resonant reactive discharges (note: west is top of page in this image).

Reactive power is commonly considered to be stored power in transmission systems. Inductive reactance stores in a magnetic field and capacitive reactance stores in an electric field. In power grids, we use capacitors and generators to provide these fields to capture the energy and return it to the system. Nature doesn’t have ready made devices to store energy, so reactive power simply squirts out, at new current vectors, it’s energy consumed by impedance.

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Resonant discharge junctions occur pretty often in river systems.

Reactive power is much more complex than water in a pipe. The comparison is meant to illustrate for those who aren’t familiar with the concept. This isn’t the place to review equations, but the basics of RLC circuits and the geometry of reactive power can be found in any circuit fundamentals textbook.

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Bill Williams and tributaries near Lake Havasu.

There are a couple of other things to note about the shapes of these junctions. First, they rarely make perfect “T” junctions. Most reactive discharge appears at less than 90 degree rotation from the line voltage, producing a “Y” shape instead of a “T”. This is most likely due to the DC bias in the current. Resonance causes AC line current to go to zero, but not DC. So the resultant current vectors are the vector sum of the total reactive current with the remaining DC line voltage, producing a “Y” instead of a “T”.Slide2The second thing to note is that the inductive current path (the branch rotated counter-clockwise, or north in the case of the Colorado) continues in that direction more-or-less straight to the next junction, following the north pointing magnetic field.

The capacitive current does something completely different, however, and it does this consistently at every “T” junction: it shoots south a short distance and abruptly curls east, back to the original supply line vector.

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While the Colorado turns north, an inductive reactance that follows the magnetic field, the Gila is capacitive reactance that briefly turns south and then immediately returns to the source vector.

Capacitive current discharges clockwise, to the south of the line current, in a direction 90 degrees from the prevailing electric field in response to a far-field charge build-up. The far-field charge builds in a capacitance response (reactance) to the charge building in the supply line as frequency rises and chokes off supply-line current. But once it discharges, it equalizes charge differentials and the far-field voltage it is responding to disappears. The current immediately turns back to align with the prevailing field – the original supply line current vector. That is why the southern branch always makes an immediate sharp turn eastward and realigns, at least briefly, with the supply current.

This is really important because Nature following precisely a form expected from electrical discharge, and repeating it over and over again, is hard to call coincidence.

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Lake Powell consists of five sequential, resonant bifurcations. Parallel lines are following electric and magnetic fields, skewed somewhat by DC carrier current.

If we look at the big picture, and we draw lines to represent the prevailing electric field aligned with the supply line current, it’s easy to see that the Colorado River and it’s tributaries, or more precisely, the dragon that carved the river, is a discharge that follows the electric field in a step-wise manner, with resonant reactive surges that bifurcate into inductive current branches that moves the discharge north into the strongest voltage lane (C), which aims it to the Eye of the Storm in the four corners region of Northern Arizona and Utah.

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General direction of electric field is a dipolar alignment between the San Andreas Fault and the Colorado Plateau. Lane “C” has the highest potential.

The electric field is between the accumulating material on the Colorado Plateau, and the San Andreas Fault (marked in red). Why this is will be discussed in the next chapter, but it’s the reason the Colorado is a parallel RLC circuit.

The capacitive current branches all make a brief step to the south, then abruptly turn back east to re-align with the prevailing electric field, first producing the Gila tributary (A), and then the Bill Williams tributary (B). When it reaches the resonant RLC discharge at Lake Meade, it finally found the lane of maximum electric field potential (C), and thereafter shoots east to the Eye of the Storm, centered at Monument Valley, carving some amazing canyons and other features along its way.

In the next chapter of Eye of the Storm, we’ll discuss these canyons, other types of branching, other features, and their likely causes. But before we close this chapter, let’s consider what a dragon looks like.

In myth, references to dragons can be confusing, because sometimes they boil the sea, sometimes they ravage the land, and sometimes they take wing. The discharge that scraped the land in surface conductive arcing also created it’s own weather and induced following jet-stream winds. Depending on perspective, one might describe a dragon as submarine, serpent or flying demon. Following jet stream winds choked with dust, swirling from cyclone to cyclone, had to look like animate serpent bodies glowing with internal lightning.

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From a distance a dragon might resemble a dust storm like this one over Phoenix.

In it’s early path, it scraped the surface, following surface water laid down by storm and tsunami. Water is it’s conductor. Just as in the atmosphere, water is the conductor. Like it is in our bodies, and plants, and pretty much all of Nature.

Water is di-polar, and in the field of a strong electric potential, the polarity of its molecules will align coherently and facilitate current. It’s liquid, so flows through pores in rock and soil providing electrical continuity across vast stretches of Earth. Earth’s crust is saturated with water, even deserts, but for the very shallow top layers of sand and mountain.

Water provides the “surface conductance” for the ground-to-ground discharge. So that’s another rule of the dragon, to follow water.

But it doesn’t always follow surface water. The storm that drew forth the Colorado, the storm over the Colorado Plateau, was laying down layer upon layer of dry sediments, burying the lakes, inland seas and their drainage. The dragon burrowed into the ground beneath these dry deposits, and followed the water like a tree root.

All along it’s jagged path, on either side the land was pummeled. A dense magnetic field surrounded the current as it pulsed and sparked. And this drew lightning from the raging plasma clouds above, inducing a following storm system of winds, whirlwinds and meso-cyclones that conflicted with the ambient winds, creating shock waves all around.

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Lightning storms would flank a dragons path.

On the ground, whirlwinds at the maw of the beast sucked tons of billowing dust to wrap around the plasma at the core of the arc, filling it’s body within the confines of a magnetic sheath. It formed a lions mane, or feathered appearance at it’s head as it drew in streamers of dust.

The arc advanced in explosive, staccato bangs, jumping from node to node, connecting dots across the landscape. But heavy ionic matter moved more slowly, being either pulled with, or drawn against the current, as dictated by charge polarity. These horizontal whirlwinds might have looked like ultra-high speed trains racing across the land.

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Supersonic flow creates triangular shock wave patterns.

It likely wore an inner vest of elemental conductors, and molten silica around a super-heated plasma core. An outer coat of ragged dust, drawn to it’s maw as it advanced, wrapped tight to it’s body by ferrous material caught in the magnetic field. Shock waves patterned this cloak into diamond shaped scales that pulsed with light and x-rays. It spit lightning and flames in seventy mile arcs, while shock waves boomed from it’s flanks. Sounds just like a dragon, huh? But why take my word for it? Listen to an eyewitness account:

Job 41, verses 12 – 21:

“I will not conceal his limbs, His mighty power, or his graceful proportions.

Who can remove his outer coat? Who can approach him with a double bridle?

Who can open the doors of his face, With his terrible teeth all around?

His rows of scales are his pride, Shut up tightly as with a seal;

One is so near another, That no air can come between them;

They are joined one to another, They stick together and cannot be parted.

His sneezings flash forth light, And his eyes are like the eyelids of the morning.

Out of his mouth go burning lights; Sparks of fire shoot out.

Smoke goes out of his nostrils, As from a boiling pot and burning rushes.

His breath kindles coals, And a flame goes out of his mouth.

Job 41, verses 30 – 34:

His undersides are like sharp potsherds; He spreads pointed marks in the mire.

He makes the deep boil like a pot; He makes the sea like a pot of ointment.

He leaves a shining wake behind him; One would think the deep had white hair.

On earth there is nothing like him, Which is made without fear.

He beholds every high thing; He is king over all the children of pride.”

That’s the bible folks. And it’s not talking about a fish, or a whale. Leviathan in the Bible is a dragon, much like the other demigods from the sea in every ancient tradition.

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I committed to Thunderbolts ten chapters for the Eye of the Storm series. This is chapter seven. Chapter Eight will discuss more about dragons and the rules they live by. Chapter Nine will delve under the crust of the Earth to see what’s there. And Chapter Ten will summarize all that we have discussed and conclude this examination of the Colorado Plateau.

In the end, if you read and comprehend all ten chapters and study-up on circuit theory,  you will have the tool; wisdom that is, to evaluate your part of the world on your own. Come join the club.

Thank you.

Oh BTW, if what I just described makes resonant frequency with your brain, and capacitive and inductive sparks shoot out your ears, please tap the “like” button, or even leave a tip.

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Thunderblog: Eye of the Storm – Part 6

The Great Red Spot

In Part five of this series we looked at “boot print” craters and found there are cyclones raging on Jupiter right now that can explain them. Shock wave patterns in the crater rims provided confirming evidence. We also looked at California’s mountain and valley structures and correlated those with a storm on Jupiter that displays in great detail the very same features. The examples we’ve looked at point to one significant observation: that fractal forms associated with the processes of charge diffusion can be found in both geology and weather.

Why geology and weather should match really isn’t hard to understand. Capacitance between Earth and sky are responsible for that, forcing charge to diffuse through each layer in mirror image. And that should suffice for an answer if our atmosphere were considered a plasma; charged particles responding to Earth’s spherical capacitance would make sense. But Earth’s atmosphere isn’t considered a plasma. Neither is Jupiter’s for that matter. Where are all the charge carriers?

The answer isn’t in particle physics. It’s in the molecule of water. Water is the charge carrier – the electric wires of the circuit. Water is bi-polar, and so adopts polarity in an electric field. This produces something called “bound current”. Unlike a current of free electrons and ions, a bound current is carried by a bulk material that can be polarized or magnetized. An example is a ferro-magnetic fluid that takes structural form in response to magnetic fields. Water is an example of bound current due to polarization of the water molecule.

Water also changes phase: from vapor to droplet to ice crystal, all in the course of a weather cycle, which changes it’s electrical properties. And it’s self ionizing, readily shedding electrons to generate plasma.

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A cold plasma is only partly ionized. A few free electrons and ions floating about. But magnetic fields are created with any moving charge and magnetic fields influence their motion. And water follows, because it polarizes and acts like a big fat charged particle, making clouds into conduits of current generating a stronger magnetic field. Star-like filaments and concentric rings form in thin cirrus of the upper atmosphere. Condensate filaments make turns and shoot tendrils at 90 degrees, crossing other filament paths and interfering in herringbone patterns. These are drift currents, responding to the pull of far-field potential within that layer of strata.

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Closer to the ground, fat water clouds form cellular structures, often in tetrahedron shapes, which amplifies waters polarity to a macro-scale. Watch puffy cumulus gather for a storm, ultimately knotting into a torus around up-welling winds to birth a meso-cyclone, and you are seeing a fractal, electromagnetic structure of Nature at work.

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Airborne dust, pollen, aerosols and dander cloud the air close to the ground and react between surface and sky to form a charged sheath, polar opposite to the water clouds in the sky. Higher up, where ice forms, wispy cirrus change polarity again. The result is multiple layers of charged cold plasma between the ionosphere and Earth’s surface.

The sky is electric, but consensus science doesn’t seem to recognize that. They will say there is no evidence of charge densities high enough for plasma. That distances are too large to create double layers and develop capacitance. But they don’t recognize water’s role, and frankly, they aren’t looking. They are looking for answers to their preconceived notions about carbon’s minor role in all this, and don’t even ask the right questions.

Just look at the clouds and what you see is an electric-field writ large across the sky:

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It really couldn’t be more obvious. Just ignore the scientists and use your own noggin. It’s better if you’re not institutionally taught to ask the wrong questions.

Then take a look at Google Earth, and compare to NASA’s images of Jupiter. You will see all the patterns of Jupiter’s storm clouds reflected in Earth’s geology.

Mountain ranges, and desert dunes carry the shape of the winds that formed them. Rising columns, violent down-bursts, precipitation, whirlwinds and lightning brushed the land like a painter and left indelible brush stokes.

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The similarity of shapes and weather comes from internal circuitry of the planets. This means that Jupiter and Earth are very similar in that regard. Repeating forms at different scales is one proof of a fractal process.

Fractals emerge naturally in chemistry, fluid dynamics and biology, but the process that defines them all – the common denominator – is the process of charge diffusion in an electromagnetic field. It manifests not only at the particle scale, but the atomic, molecular and cellular scale, and produces fractal forms at the macro-scale because they are made coherent with electro-magnetic fields.

The Eye of the Storm

Now let’s raise the voltage a bit and see what happens. A correlation between the Colorado Plateau and the Great Red Spot (GRS) has similarities of such complexity and detail, it seems absolutely surreal. Inflow to the GRS appears in two sinuous lanes of rolling winds that correlate with the mountain ranges in the Pacific Northwest.

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The Great Basin Vortex

These snaking flows of wind feed a giant thunderhead that occupies the lower third (in the image shown) of the GRS, where white anvil clouds obscure what’s below. Such a meso-cyclone careened over the Great Basin, extending it’s entire rotating wall-cloud clear to the ground. The Great Basin was formed by rippling waves of dust laden winds spun beneath a 100 mile-wide funnel, lashed by torrents of rain.

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The parallel rows of basin and range mountains that march like rippling dunes across Nevada were laid transverse to the wind. In the annotated image, wind-fronts are denoted by the dark blue lines. There is an “S” shaped range at the inflection point where the in-flow winds bent to the rotating updraft.

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Inflow, rotation, rain curtain and down-drafts portray the exact footprint of a thunderstorm.

The blue and violet lines denote the wind direction, exiting right (east) at high altitude over Provo, Utah where it made no mark on the land – until it water-fell on the other side of the shear zone that formed the Wasatch Range, spilling a violent downdraft into the Uinta Basin.

Another, larger flanking downdraft flows south over the Wasatch shear zone, and spills down to form the Mogollon Rim, the southern extension of the Colorado Plateau arcing south-east from, roughly, the Kiabab rim of the Grand Canyon to the Gila River in New Mexico. The wind formed rim is intermixed with volcanoes.

Curiously, Nevada’s mountains display wind-formed tetrahedrons in the opposite direction than expected, given the counter-clockwise rotation of the GRS. I drove through Nevada (twice) to confirm what Google Earth showed, because this was a case where land forms disagreed with my expectation. The best explanation for this, given everything in context, is that ground level eddy winds rolled beneath the meso-cyclone rotation like roller-bearings under a spindle.

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This was a wet, rotating meso-cyclone, carrying considerable moisture which precipitated out and evaporated forming salt basins behind ranges, and culminating in a rain curtain over what is now the Great Salt Lake and Bonneville Salt Flats.

The long, linear mountain ranges of the Great Basin are in many cases windswept dirt. Hard rock, which indicates heat and recombination of ionic matter is absent, or minimal in many cases which indicates low density lightning in this region. The triangular faces of shock wave reflections earmark wind direction. Often, no triangular shock features are present, indicating subsonic flow, so many hills take a recognizable sand-dune shape.

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The Wyoming Vortex

Where the thunderstorm down-drafted to the northeast, it landed in the Uinta Valley and joined the ground winds of another rotation. Actually, it’s two primary rotations that suck wind from the north to form enormous pressure ridges perpendicular to the wind direction: the Wind River and Uinta Mountains.

The mountain ranges formed as lightning arced to ground and charge diffused across the land in channeled currents, which formed dikes. Dikes are walls of rock formed from the country rock fused together, and often display troughs alongside where material sucked to the current.

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Wind River Range displays shock-wave tetrahedrons on its northern flank.

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Tetahedrons make clear the direction of the wind

An example is the Teton’s, where Grand Teton itself is a lightning generated fulgurite surrounded by smaller fulgurites blanketed with wind driven dunes. The Teton fulgurite extended a dike to the south which collected dust against it, which drew more lightning to it, creating a mountain lobe.

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Grand Teton shrouded in lenticular cloud.

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Dikes formed by channeled charge diffusing away from fulgurites provides anchor for wind blown dunes to form.

Wind piled material against dikes to build a mountain lobe, and leave one flank patterned with the sonic shock of the wind. Winds deflecting horizontal to vertical left ruler straight ridge lines of tetrahedrons where shock reflections patterned diamond shaped regions of expansion and compression.

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Wind River lobe with shock-front and wind direction.

The wind was pulled by twin whirlwinds created by a grounded current loop. It’s footprint is a dome and crater pair. Dome and crater pairs are created by what I call a coronal loop, because electrically it’s the same as a prominence on the Sun. It’s a ring current coupled to the land, and wind sucks up one side in a meso-cyclone that leaves a dome, walled by inward pointing shock-wave tetrahedrons. The wind loops from the thunderhead anvil to feed the center of a down-drafting cyclone, the footprint of which is a crater with outward pointing tetrahedrons.

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Two thunderstorms feed a cyclone (center) due to grounded ring currents. These updraft/downdraft sets form dome and crater sets and pairs on Earth.

This pair is squished into almost polygonal shapes because it’s pressed between larger rotations. The Wyoming Vortex is the smallest of three primary vortexes of the larger multi-vortex storm in the GRS. It isn’t apparent in Jupiter’s clouds, but I suspect it’s there under the anvils.

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The jet-stream wraps over and under itself in three dimensions like rope in a knot, forming a dome on the land, and then a crater. It is a dome and crater pair created by a tight coronal loop.

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Kinky Mexico

From the south, hot dry winds scorched across Mexico and the American southwest with counter-flowing winds. Along the turbulent shear zone between, kinks appear in the Sierra Madre Oriental, where north flowing jet streams mixed with a south flowing stream that formed the Sierra Occidental and the alto-Plano in between.

The kinks in Mexico’s cordilleras match remarkably well the kinks of turbulence where inflow and outflow winds mix adjacent to the GRS. That’s probably an understatement. There are details here to fill a book, but take a close look on Google Earth at these kinks to see some amazing wind and shock wave features.

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Features of the Mexican Kinks

Colorado Plateau and the Eye of the Storm

We looked in an earlier episode at the overall morphology of winds in the very eye of the GRS and the Colorado Plateau. Let’s take an even closer look.

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The ‘eye’ is a multiple vortex cyclone, which displays a complex system of coronal loops that twist the wind into a crocheted doily pattern.

There are several paired updraft domes and downdraft craters centered on the Colorado Plateau and Rocky Mountains. The most distinctive is the San Rafael Swell in central Utah.

The Swell is ringed by the explosively charged, dense region of recombination and magnetic pinch known as the San Rafael Reef, where rows of dragon’s teeth – tetrahedral monoliths of hard, fused sandstone – provide evidence of a shock wave at the boundary of the updraft.

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The Reef is the rim of an updraft dome formed beneath an intense coronal-loop that raged electrical havoc on the land at the sharp end of the storm. The dome behind is shaped like one lens of an eyeglass, the other lens an inverse copy made by the downdraft of the same loop.

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San Rafael Dome is electrically etched, or sputtered by an intense electric field in the eye of the storm above it. Purple indicates wind-front of the San Rafael Reef. Green outlines shock front of updraft exhibited by triangular buttresses. Red indicates major lightning.

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Google Earth – San Rafael Swell is northern lobe. Downdraft crater is mirror image outlined by a tributary of the Green River – all a consequence of electrical circuits.

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The San Rafael Reef discontinues at the “bridge” between the ‘spectacle’s’ lenses. Capitol Reef forms a continuation of the sinuous wind-front on the backside of the downdraft crater.

The downdraft crater has a central peak of lightning struck mountains where material drew up in winds generated by the return stroke of the lightning. The rim of the crater forms Capitol Reef, where more monolithic tetrahedrons display wind direction and Mach angles pointing outwards.

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Capitol Reef is the shock front of down-burst winds surrounding a crater.

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Monstrous, multi-layered tetrahedral buttresses splay outward from the crater to form Capitol Reef.

Another example of an updraft dome is Monument Valley, Arizona. It’s shark’s teeth rim is formed by inflow winds, expressed in the triangular sandstone layers of Comb Ridge.

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Comb Ridge

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Complex super-sonic wave-forms – Comb Ridge, Arizona

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Complex super-sonic wave-forms – laboratory.

The interior of the dome is the sputtered remnants of lightning diffused mesas and pinnacles, preferentially left behind as the landscape around lifted away in the most intense electric-field in the eye of the storm.

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Monument Valley

The downdraft leg of the Monument Valley ring current lies in the bend of the San Juan River, as it passes through the Four Corners region.

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Annotated to distinguish the features, the same eye-glass shape is evident where this coronal loop connects with Earth, but the shape is skewed to the ambient counter-clockwise rotation of the entire storm system. The downdraft lies at 90 degrees to the updraft because of fractal symmetry – something we’ll discuss more – and the ambient rotation of the eye. Once again, the crater has a central peak of lightning fused mountains, but it’s crater rim has largely been swept away and its face flattened by the press of rotating winds. This is “ground zero” for the eye of the storm.

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The frame is broken, but the lenses are intact. Downdraft at 90 degrees to updraft. In the broader perspective, one can see the circular rotation imprint continues along Black Mesa and defines the eye of the storm.

Note, the San Juan River arcs around the downdraft after it passes through the center of the updraft, just as the tributary of the Green River wrapped around the Capitol Reef downdraft crater and then shot through the heart of the San Rafael Dome. These are the fractal forms of surface conductive discharges, or “arc blast”, and the rivers are part of it (which will be discussed in future articles).

Fractal Elements

A shear zone separates the Wyoming vortex from the eye rotation over the Plateau. At this shear zone, like others, mountains formed beneath welling updrafts. In this case, nestled against the powerful updrafts of the San Rafael Swell and surrounding cyclones, it formed in the shape of an oxbow.

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Here we see one of the wonders of fractal forms. The “oxbow” on Jupiter is a distorted image of the “oxbow” on Earth, with the bows curving in opposite arcs. Seems odd, but Nature is kind of dyslexic. Fractals display rotational and translational symmetries, meaning a shape can be in any of several orientations – rotated at 90, or 180 degrees, or flipped about one axis in mirror image, or translated back-assward. When this happens it doesn’t change the overall structure it’s a part of, and the energy balance remains the same.

Harmonic repetitions also appear. The most striking example lies smack between the updraft dome and downdraft crater of the San Rafael coronal storm loop.

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This butterfly pattern is from an intense loop of current that created an updraft dome (right lobe) and a downdraft crater (left lobe) complete with stratified triangular buttresses to point wind direction; inward and up, or downward and out; respectively. Each lobe is about seven miles across, whereas the San Rafael Dome is about seventy miles across.

Watch this fractal expression expand in scale. Images are taken along a “z” axis in space from a single point on the ground, at varying altitudes.

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The fractal repeats, but the center point of each fractal expression stays in place. It morphs in form with emergent effects, but the fundamental circuit relationships remain solidly displayed. They are the same weather patterns we have today, but of super-Olympian scale, as told in countless ancient accounts. We need to start listening to the ancients, because they knew things we don’t.

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Eye of the Storm has presented an aerial view of the coupling of Earth’s atmosphere to it’s surface, so far. Next episode, it’s time to switch and talk about the other side of the mirror – the dark side of the mirror. Below Earth’s crust lie dragons and demons.

Thank you.

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Thunderblog: Eye of the Storm – Part 5

Large Scale Wind Structures

In previous articles we established a link between the winds of Jupiter and land forms on Earth. In primordial times, Earth’s weather was like Jupiter’s, with raging plasma whirlwinds and segregated electric jet streams that attained supersonic speeds. Close examination of mountains and other land forms shows clear evidence of wind-blown deposition that layered the land, supersonic shock waves that shaped mountain flanks, massive lightning discharges that welded rock, and plasma vortexes that blow-torched the land.

Jupiter’s winds are the result of capacitance between double layers in the atmosphere and the plasma sheath at the planet’s surface. We don’t know what the surface of Jupiter is, but it doesn’t matter – it still forms a plasma sheath – a double layer at the interface between crust and atmosphere. Electric circuits form the winds; by capacitance, inductance and magnetic fields. Surface and atmosphere are coupled by capacitance, and ongoing release of energy from Jupiter’s interior is what stirs the winds.

On Earth, dust particles, aerosols and the water cycle – evaporation, condensation, ice and rain – are the charge carriers, or the “wires” of the circuit. On Jupiter, it also includes ammonia and other species.

Regardless of the difference in chemistry between Earth and Jupiter, charge diffusion in Nature follows patterns. A lightning bolt on Jupiter is like a lightning bolt on Earth. It is a discharge between plasma layers that takes a fractal path as ionized filaments react in feedback with the magnetic field the current produces.

Fractal forms are generated by this feedback loop in any process of charge diffusion. They are not restricted to the Litchenburg pattern of a lightning bolt, but are evident in the helical path of field aligned Berkeland currents, the geometry of electro-magnetic fields, and drift currents reacting to far-field potentials.

So it should be no surprise at all to find the same fractal patterns in Jupiter’s winds as we find on Earth’s landscape, if indeed the landscape was formed by similar winds.

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Boot Prints

One spade-shaped feature is almost ubiquitous in Jupiter’s turbulence: the ‘boot print’. On Jupiter, the boot print is the down-drafting eye of a cyclone being pinched in the turbulent flow of competing winds. Like a hurricane, it is fed by billowing thunderstorms surrounding a whirlpool, which together forms a piece of a circuit – a ring current between the atmosphere and ground. The shape at the cloud tops is carried to the surface and reflected there, because the structure is a fractal, rotating filament of current reaching the surface.

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Boot Prints!

When Earth’s weather raged like Jupiter’s, Earth was in it’s formative age. The continents were being built, as layer upon layer of dust accumulated on a foundation of volcanic flows. Turbulent cyclones in Earth’s atmosphere produced boot prints identical in form to the boot prints on Jupiter. Boot prints on Earth are literally, the footprints of storms.

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Boot prints on Earth are clear evidence of electric formation, because they display exactly what is expected in fine detail. The boot print is the consequence of a down bursting wind – a hot, ionized, super-sonic, dust laden wind aimed at the ground like a blow-torch.

The mountain rim is the pattern of a standing shock wave. The repeating triangular layers on the inner flanks are impressed there by harmonic shock reflections, which channeled the wind at the boundary layer, and trapped dust in the low pressure zone of the triangular wave-forms.

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Shock waves produce triangular patterns of expansion and compression when a supersonic wind is deflected — like when it hits solid land.

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Separation Bubble

Just ahead of where a shock wave reflects, a low pressure region forms called the “Separation Bubble”. The separation bubble is in the shape of a tetrahedron, with a triangular face perpendicular to the wind at the same angle as the shock wave reflection – called the Mach angle.

As dust laden, ionized winds pass through the separation bubble, this low pressure region collects dust like a vacuum cleaner, and piles it in triangular layers. Therefore the rims, or mountains surrounding a boot print crater display these triangular layers.

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If a down burst wind strikes at an angle, rotates, or its mass flow is biased to one side, it will affect the shape of the crater it forms. Boot prints are often accompanied by a feature called a Prandtl-Meyer expansion fan. It is a series of standing shock waves that form linear rays of compression and rarefaction where the wind strikes and reflects off an object. This pattern implies the boot print is the result of an obliquely striking wind that rotated.

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If you have ever watched tornadoes, you probably noticed they are rarely perfectly vertical. They contact the ground at an angle, and the rotating wind is lifted to one side, and grinds against the ground on the opposite side. That is precisely what has happened here to produce a boot print crater with an expansion fan.

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This single example is proof of my theory. Anyone with a supersonic wind tunnel can produce a Prandtl-Meyer expansion fan, tetrahedron shaped separation bubbles and triangular harmonic reflections – it’s been done countless times. But show a way to produce all of these together in a large scale coherent form by tectonic uplift, seismic vibration, slip faulting, erosion, or any other conventional geophysical means. Can’t be done. It is uniquely the result of supersonic shock. Nature provides rational, obvious proof, without need for computers or numeric models.

The pattern is not vague, like Jesus on a piece of toast. It is confirmed in every detail. The correlation is not only visual similarity, but also causation – vertical high speed winds, electrically charged and shaped by electromagnetic fields. Proof of the winds of Jupiter are in NASA’s data; proof of the ground effects on Earth are under our feet, and in decades of applied science in supersonic shock wave behavior. Proper interpretation of data and some wind tunnel testing would put the issue to bed.

But maybe I can do that with this next example.

California

California’s most prominent feature is the San Joaquin Valley and it’s ring of mountains, including the imposing Sierra Nevada mountain arc and coastal ranges. Inside this bathtub, the floor of the valley is a long, flat plain, which at one time was an ancient sea bed.

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It was created by a storm like this on Jupiter. So, let’s look at some amazing details.

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In this image, I indicate four specific areas we’ll discuss.

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Area 1 – Mojave Desert

This almost perfect triangular plain of high desert is demarcated by the straight line of the Tehachapi mountains to the north, and the straight line of San Gabriel mountains to the south, which also, by the way, aligns with the San Andreas Fault.

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It correlates to the region of low level winds, tinted blue, at the cusp of the oval storm rotation on Jupiter. These winds are sinking winds – that is they are pressing against the ground in a Venturi effect as they speed around the cusp of the storm. The yellow-brown ring of the storm is a rising wind, forming what is essentially a continuous ring of thunderstorms. The sharp triangular demarcation between desert and mountain is the shear zone where shock waves formed between the low level horizontal winds and the rising winds of the rotating storm.

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Brown denotes high level rotating winds, blue are ground level winds. Red indicates the San Andreas Fault.

As these winds rounded the corner into the Venturi, they accelerated, gouging the deep Owens, Saline, Amorgosa and Death Valleys. Separating these valleys rise eleven thousand foot ridge lines of the Panamint, Darwin and Amorgosa ranges. They formed as sastrugi, parallel to the jet streams in low pressure interference zones between the laminar jet streams.

Lightning in this region was imposing. A plasma intensifies in a shear zone, meaning it  generates ion content due to the shearing and extreme temperature and pressure differentials. Shearing supersonic winds bounce shock waves between them, generating high current density in jet-streams that extended for thousands of miles. Lightning discharge from these plasma streams focused on the piling mountains below with the capacity of a thousand mile long thunderstorm being continually fed new energy.

The current dumped in the strike zone didn’t simply flash a split second, here and there, but arced continuously, diffusing through the land welding granite from dust and sand. That is why the Sierras, in this southern portion of the range, have the most impressive granite structures: Yosemite, Mt. Whitney, it’s neighboring peaks, and the Domes. The granite of the Sierras lies atop sediments, which implies the storm(s), by either wind or tsunami, brought layers of dust long before lightning began to strike.

Area 2 – Coalinga

Coaling Station “A” was it’s original name. Coalinga, as it’s called today, is an oil patch town. The foothills that surround it are oil fields – anticlines of shallow sandstone saturated in heavy oil. Similar anticlines flank the western side of the San Joaquin Valley, from Coalinga to the end of the bath tub at Bakersfield. These anticlines compose some of the largest oilfields in North America.

What created them was like this turbulent region in Jupiter’s clouds. The colorized image from NASA shows a crab-claw cloud structure, with high level clouds in yellow, and low level clouds in blue and black. There are several tornado rotations along the boundaries of opposing flows. There are also deep, dark, linear filaments.

Tornadoes.

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Now correlate the dark filaments with the deep cut, linear valleys near Coalinga. The dark filaments are ground level jet streams, which are what formed these valleys by preventing dust from depositing. Follow the filament in Jupiter’s cloud and it ends in a tornado. Follow the valleys near Coalinga and they end in hills with spiral features. In other words, the filaments are jet streams hugging the ground, cutting beneath the storm clouds to feed a giant tornado. Fascinating isn’t it?

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Jet-streams and tornadoes near Coalinga

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Linear jet-stream cut valley near Coalinga

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General wind patterns near Coalinga

Blue lines in the wind pattern image represent ground level winds, combing across the San Joaquin Valley, and rising into thunderstorms. Yellow represents the higher level meso-cyclone winds which rained dust and rock. The blue winds approach the thunderstorms orthogonally, then rise in the updraft of the storm. Dark blue lines are the tornadoes and ground hugging jet streams.

A drive through the region shows the mountains are wind blown dunes that rise abruptly from the flat valley floor, and display exactly the wind patterns I describe.

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It seems chaotic – winds criss-crossing in every direction. But it’s not. The overall wind structure is called a Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. It’s a fractal pattern that happens all the time if there is wind shear.

Area 3 – San Joaquin Valley

Look inside the yellow ring of thunderstorms, and see there are dozens of small vortexes. These are tornadoes, or perhaps water spouts, because the San Joaquin Valley was likely a sea at the time.

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Among all the tiny whirlwinds is one giant tornado almost in the center of the storm. This feature correlates well with a circular region of the Sierra foothills at the North end of the San Joaquin Valley. If you have ever driven from Sacramento to Lake Tahoe on State Highway 50, past the town of Folsom where I once lived, you have climbed the Sierra foothills that constitute this feature. A distinct swirl is evident in the hills just above (to the East) of Folsom Lake.

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The swirl is fed by ground level winds entering the vortex from the left (South), whereas the top level winds in Jupiter’s cloud tops flow in from below (from the West on the Earth image). This indicates differences in flow patterns between double layers due to the rotational symmetry of fractals. Fractal rotational symmetry is when a fractal shape repeats, but rotated by 90, or 180 degrees. This indicates the wind clocks around ninety degrees at different layers of the storm. The same thing occurs in hurricanes and meso-cyclones on Earth, even today.

Area 4 – San Fransisco Bay

Here, you are literally seeing the drain in the bath tub. Follow the dark filaments in Jupiter’s clouds and they converge in a vortex.

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Compare the dark filaments on Jupiter to the long, linear valleys leading to San Francisco Bay, and you see the same pattern. The dark filaments are ground level jet streams that scoured the land, while the light-colored cloud tops are thunderstorm anvils raining charged dust to form the mountains.

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Look close at Jupiter’s clouds near the center of rotation and there is a dark “X” shaped feature. Then compare to the Sacramento Delta and you’ll see, the Delta is the top of the “X”. Again, it’s because the dark filaments are ground scouring winds, which in this case scoured the land to a depth below current sea level.

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I hope these images provide unambiguous evidence of how the Earth was formed. Any one, or two matching features between the clouds of Jupiter and the Earth’s landscape could be coincidence. But overlay Jupiter’s oval storm on California and all seven features depicted here match in both shape and position, and the wind patterns not only look like, but explain the land features. At least they do if you apply electric circuitry, and ignore consensus science.

There is a host of interesting things to learn by understanding California’s true formation. For instance, a whirlwind formed hill in Kern County is full of ancient shark’s teeth fossils. These sharks date to the middle Miocene, roughly 15 million years ago by consensus chronology. I don’t trust consensus chronology, but it does place a bookmark in the fossil and geologic record. Oil sands in San Joaquin date from the Miocene and earlier, except for one shallow Pliocene sediment. The Miocene epoch that formed Shark Hill was likely the last time such a mountain building storm raged over California. But stratigraphy and the fossil record suggests there were many similar fractal storms in earlier epochs.

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Shark tooth fossil from Shark Tooth Hill, Kern County, California

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